ArticleNature medicine2015
Prostaglandin E2 and programmed cell death 1 signaling coordinately impair CTL function and survival during chronic viral infection.
Article in Nature medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intraoperative Flurbiprofen Treatment Alters Immune Checkpoint Expression in Patients Undergoing Elective Thoracoscopic Resection of Lung Cancer.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2020Trial
- The update of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 (EP4) in inflammatory diseases.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Chronic type II interferon promotes tumor growth through mitochondrial RNA-induced type I interferon and prostaglandin synthesis.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Human GPR174 deficiency drives polyclonal lymphoproliferative disease via defects in T cell function.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic landscape of peripheral T cells following CAR-T cell therapy in diffuse large B cell lymphoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- From guardians to traitors: molecular mechanisms of tumor-induced T cell betrayal.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Targeting Lipid Metabolic Reprogramming to Overcome Immunotherapy Resistance: Systemic Nutritional Modulation and Precision Nanomedicine.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Chromatin repression by PRC2 results in reduced gene expression driving key features of CD8 T cell exhaustion.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Scientific and medical evidence informing expansion of hepatitis B treatment guidelines.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- The prostacyclin receptor PTGIR is a NRF2-dependent regulator of CD8Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Nutrient-gene therapy as a strategy to enhance CAR T cell function and overcome barriers in the tumor microenvironment.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Age- and diet-instructed metabolic rewiring of the tumor-immune microenvironment.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- The Extra-Tumoral Vaccine Effects of Apoptotic Bodies in the Advancement of Cancer Treatment.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Significance of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.Heliyon · 2025Review
- HIV-1 adapts to HLA class II-associated selection pressure exerted by CD4Science advances · 2025Article
- Advances in CAR optimization strategies based on CD28.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- miR-24-3p Is Antiviral Against SARS-CoV-2 by Downregulating Critical Host Entry Factors.Viruses · 2024Article
- Prostaglandin ENature communications · 2024Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
More than 10% of the world's population is chronically infected with HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV), all of which can cause severe disease and death. These viruses persist in part because continuous antigenic stimulation causes the deterioration of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function and survival. Additionally, antiviral CTLs autonomously suppress their responses to limit immunopathology by upregulating inhibitory receptors such as programmed cell death 1 (PD-1). Identification and blockade of the pathways that induce CTL dysfunction may facilitate the clearance of chronic viral infections. We found that the prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂) receptors EP2 and EP4 were upregulated on virus-specific CTLs during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection and suppressed CTL survival and function. We show that the combined blockade of PGE₂ and PD-1 signaling was therapeutic in terms of improving viral control and augmenting the numbers of functional virus-specific CTLs. Thus, PGE₂ inhibition is both an independent candidate therapeutic target and a promising adjunct therapy to PD-1 blockade for the treatment of HIV and other chronic viral infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.