ArticleExperimental and molecular pathology2015
Vascular smooth muscle cells contribute to APOL1-induced podocyte injury in HIV milieu.
Article in Experimental and molecular pathology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- A SNARE protective pool antagonizes APOL1 renal toxicity in Drosophila nephrocytes.Cell & bioscience · 2023Article
- NEF-Induced HIV-Associated Nephropathy Through HCK/LYN Tyrosine Kinases.The American journal of pathology · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- APOL1 polymorphism modulates sphingolipid profile of human podocytes.Glycoconjugate journal · 2020Article
- Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) risk variant toxicity depends on the haplotype background.Kidney international · 2019Article
- APOL1 Kidney Risk Variants Induce Cell DeathJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2019Article
- APOL1 and kidney cell function.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2019Review
- Ten years in: APOL1 reaches beyond the kidney.Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension · 2019Review
- APOL1 Nephrotoxicity: What Does Ion Transport Have to Do With It?Seminars in nephrology · 2017Review
- Most ApoL1 Is Secreted by the Liver.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2017Article
- APOL1-Mediated Cell Injury Involves Disruption of Conserved Trafficking Processes.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2017Article
- Article
- APOL1-G0 or APOL1-G2 Transgenic Models Develop Preeclampsia but Not Kidney Disease.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2016Article
- Apolipoprotein L1 and Kidney Disease in African Americans.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2016Review
- Infection-Related Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in Children.BioMed research international · 2016Review
- Protein domains of APOL1 and its risk variants.Experimental and molecular pathology · 2015Article
- Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) Variants (Vs) a possible link between Heroin-associated Nephropathy (HAN) and HIV-associated Nephropathy (HIVAN).Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical reports have demonstrated that higher rates of non-diabetic glomerulosclerosis in African Americans can be attributed to two coding sequence variants (G1 and G2) in the APOL1 gene; however, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Kidney biopsy data suggest enhanced expression of APOL1/APOL1 variants (Vs) in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of renal vasculature. Since APOL1 is a secretory protein of relatively low molecular weight (41kDa), SMCs may be a contributory endocrine/paracrine source of APOL1 wild type (WT)/APOL1Vs in the glomerular capillary perfusate percolating podocytes. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that an HIV milieu stimulated secretion of APOL1 and its risk variants by arterial SMCs contributes to podocyte injury. Human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HSMCs)-treated with conditioned media (CM) of HIV-infected peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC/HIV-CM), CM of HIV-infected U939 cells, or recombinant IFN-γ displayed enhanced expression of APOL1. Podocytes co-cultured in trans-wells with HSMCs-over expressing APOL1WT showed induction of injury; however, podocytes co-cultured with HSMC-over expressing either APOL1G1 or APOL1G2 showed several folds greater injury when compared to HSMC-over expressing APOL1WT. Conditioned media collected from HSMC-over-expressing APOL1G1/APOL1G2 (HSMC/APOL1G1-CM or HSMC/APOL1G2-CM) also displayed higher percentages of injured podocytes in the form of swollen cells, leaky lysosomes, loss of viability, and enhanced sensitivity to adverse host factors when compared to HSMC/APOL1WT-CM. Notably, HSMC/APOL1WT-CM promoted podocyte injury only at a significantly higher concentrations compared to HSMC/APOL1G1/G2-CM. We conclude that HSMCs could serve as an endocrine/paracrine source of APOL1Vs, which mediate accelerated podocyte injury in HIV milieu.
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