SynthesisThe oncologist2015
Gefitinib and erlotinib in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of toxicity and efficacy of randomized clinical trials.
Synthesis in The oncologist, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- [Intercalated Combination of Chemotherapy and EGFR-TKIs versus Chemotherapy Alone in the First-line Treatment of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-analysis].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- [Value of Immunohistochemical Methods in Detecting EML4-ALK Fusion Mutations: A Meta-analysis].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2016Pooled it
- S-1 plus cisplatin versus fluorouracil plus cisplatin in advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma patients: a pilot study.Oncotarget · 2015Trial
- An MIEN1-based hexamer peptide (LA3IK) inhibits EGF-driven oncogenic signaling in prostate cancer by disrupting EGFR-ERBB2 heterodimerization.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Kinase-Targeted Therapies for Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Molecular crosstalk between GPCR and receptor tyrosine-protein kinase in neuroblastoma: molecular mechanism and therapeutic implications.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Research Trends of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Design, synthesis, and anticancer assessment of structural analogues of (RSC medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Decoding dynamic interactions between EGFR-TKD and DAC through computational and experimental approaches: A novel breakthrough in lung melanoma treatment.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- The Status Quo of Pharmacogenomics of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Precision Oncology: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Literature.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Three Innovative Green and High-Throughput Microwell Spectrophotometric Methods for the Quantitation of Ceritinib, a Potent Drug for the Treatment of ALK-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: An Application to the Analysis of Capsules and Drug Uniformity Testing.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Development of Two Novel One-Step and Green Microwell Spectrophotometric Methods for High-Throughput Determination of Ceritinib, a Potent Drug for Treatment of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Retrospective Evaluation of Drug-Drug Interactions With Erlotinib and Gefitinib Use in the Military Health System.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2023Article
- Article
- White Paper: Mimetics of Class 2 Tumor Suppressor Proteins as Novel Drug Candidates for Personalized Cancer Therapy.Cancers · 2022Article
- Euphorbiasteroid Abrogates EGFR and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells to Impart Anticancer Activity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- A Transcriptomic Approach to Elucidate the Mechanisms of Gefitinib-Induced Toxicity in Healthy Human Intestinal Organoids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have been evaluated in patients with metastatic and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration initially granted accelerated approval to gefitinib but subsequently rescinded the authorization. Erlotinib and afatinib are similar compounds approved for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of erlotinib, gefitinib, and afatinib in NSCLC.
methodsWe tabulated efficacy variables including overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) and quantitated toxicities and rates of dose reductions and discontinuation. Summary odds ratios were calculated using random and fixed-effects models. An odds ratio was the summary measure used for pooling of studies.
resultsWe examined 28 studies including three randomized trials with afatinib. Clinical toxicities, including pruritus, rash, anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, fatigue, mucositis, paronychia, and anemia, were similar between erlotinib and gefitinib, although some statistical differences were observed. Afatinib treatment resulted in more diarrhea, rash, and paronychia compared with erlotinib and gefitinib. Regarding efficacy, similar outcomes were recorded for ORR, PFS, or OS in the total population and in specific subgroups of patients between erlotinib and gefitinib. All three TKIs demonstrated higher ORRs in first line in tumors harboring EGFR mutations.
conclusionGefitinib has similar activity and toxicity compared with erlotinib and offers a valuable alternative to patients with NSCLC. Afatinib has similar efficacy compared with erlotinib and gefitinib in first-line treatment of tumors harboring EGFR mutations but may be associated with more toxicity, although further studies are needed. Gefitinib deserves consideration for U.S. marketing as a primary treatment for EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.