ArticleClinical & experimental metastasis2015
Diagnostic and prognostic significance of flow cytometry immunophenotyping in patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.
Article in Clinical & experimental metastasis, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- A context-aware interpretive framework for lymphocyte immunophenotyping by flow cytometry.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Leptomeningeal Disease: Current Approaches and Future Directions.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Cerebral spinal fluid analyses and therapeutic implications for leptomeningeal metastatic disease.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- The path to leptomeningeal metastasis.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2024Review
- Clinical applications of cerebrospinal fluid liquid biopsies in central nervous system tumors.Translational oncology · 2024Article
- Leptomeningeal Metastases in Melanoma Patients: An Update on and Future Perspectives for Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Advances in Intraoperative Flow Cytometry.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Diagnosis of Leptomeningeal Metastasis in Women With Breast Cancer Through Identification of Tumor Cells in Cerebrospinal Fluid Using the CNSide™ Assay.Clinical breast cancer · 2022Article
- Article
- Leptomeningeal Metastases from Solid Tumors: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Molecular Approaches.Cancers · 2021Review
- Stability of canine and feline cerebrospinal fluid samples regarding total cell count and cell populations stored in "TransFix®/EDTA CSF sample storage tubes".BMC veterinary research · 2020Article
- Breast leptomeningeal disease: a review of current practices and updates on management.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2019Review
- Liquid biopsy in central nervous system metastases: a RANO review and proposals for clinical applications.Neuro-oncology · 2019Review
- Novel methods to diagnose leptomeningeal metastases in breast cancer.Neuro-oncology · 2019Review
- EpCAM-based assays for epithelial tumor cell detection in cerebrospinal fluid.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2018Review
- Leptomeningeal Metastases.Current treatment options in oncology · 2018Review
- Neoplastic meningitis in solid tumors: from diagnosis to personalized treatments.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2018Review
- Cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor cells: a novel tool to diagnose leptomeningeal metastases from epithelial tumors.Neuro-oncology · 2017Article
- Overexpression of syndecan-1, MUC-1, and putative stem cell markers in breast cancer leptomeningeal metastasis: a cerebrospinal fluid flow cytometry study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2017Article
- Leptomeningeal metastases: a RANO proposal for response criteria.Neuro-oncology · 2017Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Some patients with epithelial-cell cancers develop leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC), a severe complication difficult to diagnose and with an adverse prognosis. This study explores the contribution of flow cytometry immunophenotyping (FCI) to the diagnosis and prognosis of LC. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients diagnosed with LC were studied using FCI. Expression of the epithelial-cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was the criterion used to identify the epithelial cells. To test the diagnostic precision, 144 patients (94 diagnosed with LC) were included. The prognostic value of FCI was evaluated in 72 patients diagnosed with LC and eligible for therapy. Compared with cytology, FCI showed greater sensitivity and negative predictive value (79.79 vs. 50%; 68.85 vs. 51.55%, respectively), but lower specificity and positive predictive value (84 vs. 100%; 90.36 vs. 100%, respectively). The multivariate analysis revealed that the percentage of CSF EpCAM+ cells predicted an increased risk of death (HR: 1.012, 95% CI 1.000-1.023; p=0.041). A cut-off value of 8% EpCAM+ cells in the CSF distinguished two groups of patients with statistically significant differences in overall survival (OS) (p=0.018). This cut-off value kept its statistical significance regardless of the absolute CSF cell-count. The FCI study of the CSF improved the sensitivity for diagnosing LC, but refinement of the technique is needed to improve specificity. Furthermore, quantification of CSF EpCAM+ cells was revealed to be an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with LC eligible for therapy. An 8% cut-off value contributed to predicting clinical evolution before initiation of therapy.
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