ArticleVaccine2015
C-reactive protein response to influenza vaccination as a model of mild inflammatory stimulation in the Philippines.
Article in Vaccine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systems perspectives on pediatric otitis media: environmental exposures, genetic susceptibility, and biomarker-guided interventions.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Evidence for an energetic trade-off model linking inflammaging and immunosenescence in the US Health and Retirement Study and UK Biobank.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The lower rate of bone and joint infection in patients with open extremity fractures associated with vaccination prior to injury: a propensity-matched cohort study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Cycle Effects Are Not Universal: A Case Study of Urinary C-Reactive Protein Concentrations in Rural Polish and Polish American Samples.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Lower Socioeconomic Status Predicts Increased Proinflammatory Signaling in Late Pregnancy: Evidence From a Filipino Cohort.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2024Article
- Distinct response patterns of endothelial markers to the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccine are associated with the spike-specific IgG antibody production.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- A study on the side effects caused by the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine: Focus on IgG antibodies and serological biomarkers.Central-European journal of immunology · 2024Article
- Three common assumptions about inflammation, aging, and health that are probably wrong.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Is the Effect of the COVID-19 Vaccine on Heart Rate Variability Permanent?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Observational
- Effect of influenza vaccination on resting metabolic rate and c-reactive protein concentrations in healthy young adults.PloS one · 2023Article
- Physiologic Response to the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Measured Using Wearable Devices: Prospective Observational Study.JMIR formative research · 2021Article
- Using the influenza vaccine as a mild, exogenous inflammatory challenge: When does inflammation peak?Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Study of active neighborhoods in Detroit (StAND): study protocol for a natural experiment evaluating the health benefits of ecological restoration of parks.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Acute phase protein response to viral infection and vaccination.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2019Review
- Higher Serum C Reactive Protein Determined C Reactive Protein Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Are Involved in Inherited Depression.Psychiatry investigation · 2018Article
- Within-subject associations between inflammation and features of depression: Using the flu vaccine as a mild inflammatory stimulus.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2018Article
- Different Adjuvants Induce Common Innate Pathways That Are Associated with Enhanced Adaptive Responses against a Model Antigen in Humans.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Noninvasive vaccination as a casus belli to redeem vaccine value in the face of anti-vaccine movements.Integrative molecular medicine · 2017Article
- Depression is Associated with CRP SNPs in Patients with Family History.Translational neuroscience · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundC-reactive protein (CRP) is increasingly measured as a marker of systemic inflammation that predicts elevated risk for cardiovascular disease. Influenza vaccination is a mild pro-inflammatory stimulus, and the CRP response to vaccination may provide additional information on individual differences in inflammatory response and risk for disease.
aimTo document the pattern of CRP response to influenza vaccination among a large sample of older women in the Philippines. The Philippines exemplifies current global trends toward increasing rates of overweight/obesity, but also maintains relatively high rates of infectious disease. The secondary aim of the study is to investigate the impact of infectious symptoms on the pattern of response to vaccination.
methodsA community-based sample of 934 women (mean age=55.4 years) received the influenza vaccine. CRP was assessed at baseline and 72h post-vaccination. Descriptive, non-parametric, and parametric analyses were implemented to assess the magnitude of CRP response, and to investigate whether responses were associated with baseline CRP or the presence of infectious symptoms prior to vaccination.
resultsInfluenza vaccination resulted in a statistically significant CRP response of 0.35mg/L (p<0.001), representing a 30.2% increase from baseline. For individuals with symptoms of infectious disease at baseline, the CRP response was smaller (12.9%) and not statistically significant (p=0.77). Lower CRP at baseline was associated with larger CRP response to vaccination in the entire sample, and among participants without recent symptoms of infection.
conclusionsInfluenza vaccination produces a mild CRP response in the Philippines. This study extends prior research in US and European populations validating influenza vaccination as an in vivo model for investigating the dynamics of inflammation, but also raises potential complications in settings where rates of infectious disease are elevated.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.