ReviewCurrent pain and headache reports2015
Neurological complications associated with epidural steroid injections.
Review in Current pain and headache reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Acupotomy Combined with Epidural Steroid Injection for Lumbosacral Radiculopathy: A Randomized Controlled Pragmatic Pilot Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Trial
- Treatment of acute sciatica with transforaminal epidural corticosteroids and local anesthetic: design of a randomized controlled trial.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2017Trial
- Ultrasound-guided cervical selective nerve root block with or without steroid.Journal of medical ultrasonics (2001) · 2026Article
- Post epidural steroid injection complicated bacterial meningitis and brainstem stroke.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Trends in lumbar epidural injection selection: A survey of practitioner preferences and practice patterns.Interventional pain medicine · 2025Article
- Spinal intracord injection damage during interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injection: a case report and review of the literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Review
- FACTFINDERS FOR PATIENT SAFETY: Minimizing risks with cervical epidural injections.Interventional pain medicine · 2024Article
- Safety of cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections.Interventional pain medicine · 2024Article
- Perspective: Risks/adverse events for epidural spinal injections.Surgical neurology international · 2024Review
- An update on technical and safety practice patterns in transforaminal epidural steroid injections.Interventional pain medicine · 2023Article
- An update on epidural steroid injections: is there still a role for particulate corticosteroids?Skeletal radiology · 2023Review
- Lessons learned from examination of Canadian medico-legal cases related to interventional therapies for chronic pain management.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2023Article
- Interaction between Dexamethasone, Ropivacaine, and Contrast Media Used in Interventional Pain Treatment: Considerations in Safety.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Observational
- Confluent abscesses in autochthonous back muscles after spinal injections : A case report and narrative review of the literature on low back pain and spinal injections.Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2022Review
- Comparison between the coronal diameters of the cervical spinal canal and spinal cord measured using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in Korean patients.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2022Article
- A Rare Case of Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis After Epidural Steroid Injection: A Case Report and Literature Review.The American journal of case reports · 2018Article
- Steroids Spinal Injections.Seminars in interventional radiology · 2018Review
- Therapeutic lumbar facet joint nerve blocks in the treatment of chronic low back pain: cost utility analysis based on a randomized controlled trial.The Korean journal of pain · 2018Article
- Successful outcomes following transforaminal epidural steroid injections for C4/5 cervical disc prolapse associated with profound neurological deficit.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2017Article
- Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple case reports of neurological complications resulting from intraarterial injection of corticosteroids have led the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to issue a warning, requiring label changes, warning of serious neurological events, some resulting in death. The FDA has identified 131 cases of neurological adverse events, including 41 cases of arachnoiditis. A review of the literature reveals an overwhelming proportion of the complications are related to transforaminal epidural injections, of which cervical transforaminal epidural injections constituted the majority of neurological complications. Utilization data of epidural injections in the Medicare population revealed that cervical transforaminal epidural injections constitute only 2.4 % of total epidural injections and <5 % of all transforaminal epidural injections. Multiple theories have been proposed as the cause of neurological injury including particulate steroid, arterial intimal flaps, arterial dissection, dislodgement of plaque causing embolism, arterial muscle spasm, and embolism of a fresh thrombus following disruption of the intima.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.