SynthesisJournal of women's health (2002)2015
Sex differences in device therapy for heart failure: utilization, outcomes, and adverse events.
Synthesis in Journal of women's health (2002), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2023 HRS/APHRS/LAHRS guideline on cardiac physiologic pacing for the avoidance and mitigation of heart failure.Heart rhythm · 2023Guideline
- Pooled it
- Contemporary medical therapy, sex-specific characteristics, and outcomes of patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy: a prespecified interim analysis of the BIO-LIBRA study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Prognostic Implications of Sex in Patients With Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction: Results From a Large-Scaled Registry.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Observational
- 2023 HRS/APHRS/LAHRS guideline on cardiac physiologic pacing for the avoidance and mitigation of heart failure.Journal of arrhythmia · 2023Article
- Review
- Sex differences in CRT device implantation rates, efficacy, and complications following implantation: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Systematic reviews · 2021Article
- Major Left Bundle Branch Block and Coronary Heart Disease-Are There Any Differences between the Sexes?Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- AnaLysIs of Both sex and device specific factoRs on outcomes in pAtients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (BIO-LIBRA): Design and clinical protocol.Heart rhythm O2 · 2020Article
- Narrower QRS may be enough to respond to cardiac resynchronization therapy in lightweight patients.Heart and vessels · 2020Article
- Impact of sex, socio-economic status, and remoteness on therapy and survival in heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2019Article
- Sex-specific mortality differences in heart failure patients with ischemia receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy.PloS one · 2017Article
- Bridging the Gap, Facing the Challenge-the 26(th) Great Wall International Congress of Cardiology (GW-ICC).Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2016Article
- Cardiac resynchronization therapy update: evolving indications, expanding benefit?Current cardiology reports · 2015Article
- Sex Differences in Utilisation and Response to Implantable Device Therapy.Arrhythmia & electrophysiology review · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMultiple studies of heart failure patients demonstrated significant improvement in exercise capacity, quality of life, cardiac left ventricular function, and survival from cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), but the underenrollment of women in these studies is notable. Etiological and pathophysiological differences may result in different outcomes in response to this treatment by sex. The observed disproportionate representation of women suggests that many women with heart failure either do not meet current clinical criteria to receive CRT in trials or are not properly recruited and maintained in these studies.
methodsWe performed a systematic literature review through May 2014 of clinical trials and registries of CRT use that stratified outcomes by sex or reported percent women included. One-hundred eighty-three studies contained sex-specific information.
resultsNinety percent of the studies evaluated included ≤ 35% women. Fifty-six articles included effectiveness data that reported response with regard to specific outcome parameters. When compared with men, women exhibited more dramatic improvement in specific parameters. In the studies reporting hazard ratios for hospitalization or death, women generally had greater benefit from CRT.
conclusionsOur review confirms women are markedly underrepresented in CRT trials, and when a CRT device is implanted, women have a therapeutic response that is equivalent to or better than in men, while there is no difference in adverse events reported by sex.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.