Observational studyCirculation2015
Sex differences in reperfusion in young patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO study.
Observational study in Circulation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 238 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Duration of Lactation and Maternal Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Sex Differences in Clinical Profile, Revascularization and In-Hospital Outcomes in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Sex-Based Disparities in Health Care Access and Utilization Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Intra-aortic Balloon Pump Utilization Prior to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Social Determinants of Health.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Article
- Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Utilization of Mechanical Circulatory Support Device in STEMI With Cardiogenic Shock.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Article
- Sex disparities in STEMI pathophysiology: Presentation, treatments, and outcomes.Global cardiology science & practice · 2026Review
- Sex Differences in Coronary Revascularization Strategies and Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Dialysis.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- Gender-based differences among ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients in Egypt: secondary analysis from the ACCA-EAPCI ESC-STEMI registry.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Sex disparities in diagnostic workup of benign pancreaticobiliary disease before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.iGIE : innovation, investigation and insights · 2025Article
- Sex-related outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention of in-stent restenosis.Cardiovascular intervention and therapeutics · 2025Observational
- Multimorbidity Patterns and In-Hospital Outcomes in Chinese Young Women (Aged <55 Years) Presenting with ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- The Development of a Nomogram Predictive Model for Intracardiac Thrombosis Risk: A Study Based on Risk Factors in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Patient Experiences of a Postpartum Cardiovascular Disease Intervention Clinic for Pregnancy Complications.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Sex differences in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated by primary percutaneous intervention.Open heart · 2025Article
- Sex differences in in-hospital outcomes and readmission rates after percutaneous coronary intervention.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2025Article
- Specificities of Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure in Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- The Evolving Roles of Sex and Gender in Acute Care Medicine.Clinical therapeutics · 2024Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Heart Failure Development in Patients After First Myocardial Infarction: The Role of Galectin-3.Biomedicines · 2024Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSex disparities in reperfusion therapy for patients with acute ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction have been documented. However, little is known about whether these patterns exist in the comparison of young women with men. METHODS AND
resultsWe examined sex differences in rates, types of reperfusion therapy, and proportion of patients exceeding American Heart Association reperfusion time guidelines for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction in a prospective observational cohort study (2008-2012) of 1465 patients 18 to 55 years of age, as part of the US Variations in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients (VIRGO) study at 103 hospitals enrolling in a 2:1 ratio of women to men. Of the 1238 patients eligible for reperfusion, women were more likely to be untreated than men (9% versus 4%, P=0.002). There was no difference in reperfusion strategy for the 695 women and 458 men treated. Women were more likely to exceed in-hospital and transfer time guidelines for percutaneous coronary intervention than men (41% versus 29%; odds ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.27-2.16), more so when transferred (67% versus 44%; odds ratio, 2.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-4.07); and more likely to exceed door-to-needle times (67% versus 37%; odds ratio, 2.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-2.18). After adjustment for sociodemographic, clinical, and organizational factors, sex remained an important factor in exceeding reperfusion guidelines (odds ratio, 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-2.33).
conclusionsYoung women with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction are less likely to receive reperfusion therapy and more likely to have reperfusion delays than similarly aged men. Sex disparities are more pronounced among patients transferred to percutaneous coronary intervention institutions or who received fibrinolytic therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.