ArticleJournal of neurovirology2015
The association of perceived stress and verbal memory is greater in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected women.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comorbidities in women living with HIV: A systematic review.HIV medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Neurocognitive Function in Adults with HIV: Patterns, Predictors, and Mechanisms.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Pooled it
- Low-Dose Hydrocortisone and Cognition in Women With HIV: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Multiplexing Proteomic and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of Attention/Working Memory in Virally Suppressed Women with HIV: A Feasibility Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploring Allostatic Load as an Objective Measure of Stress Among U.S. Women With and Without HIV: A Pilot Study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2025Article
- Associations Between Internalized HIV Stigma and Cognitive Function Among Older Women With HIV.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Medial prefrontal cortex connectivity with the nucleus accumbens is related to HIV serostatus, perceptions of psychological stress, and monocyte expression of TNF-a.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Emotional health and its association with neurocognition in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White people with HIV.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024Article
- Stress-related cellular pathophysiology as a crosstalk risk factor for neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders.BMC neuroscience · 2023Review
- Article
- Integrase Inhibitors are Associated with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Women with HIV.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2023Article
- Cognitive Health in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The Impact of Early Treatment, Comorbidities, and Aging.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery Findings Among People with HIV: Normative Comparisons and Clinical Associations.Patient related outcome measures · 2023Article
- Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and Neurocognitive Functioning Among Women Living with HIV.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2022Article
- Class-Based Antiretroviral Exposure and Cognition Among Women Living with HIV.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Article
- Difference in the neurocognitive functions of WLWH and MLWH in an Italian cohort of people living with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- The Association of Reproductive Aging with Cognitive Function in Sub-Saharan African Women.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Article
- Association of Immunosuppression and Viral Load With Subcortical Brain Volume in an International Sample of People Living With HIV.JAMA network open · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In contrast to findings from cohorts comprised primarily of HIV-infected men, verbal memory deficits are the largest cognitive deficit found in HIV-infected women from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), and this deficit is not explained by depressive symptoms or substance abuse. HIV-infected women may be at greater risk for verbal memory deficits due to a higher prevalence of cognitive risk factors such as high psychosocial stress and lower socioeconomic status. Here, we investigate the association between perceived stress using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and verbal memory performance using the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) in 1009 HIV-infected and 496 at-risk HIV-uninfected WIHS participants. Participants completed a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery which yielded seven cognitive domain scores, including a primary outcome of verbal memory. HIV infection was not associated with a higher prevalence of high perceived stress (i.e., PSS-10 score in the top tertile) but was associated with worse performance on verbal learning (p < 0.01) and memory (p < 0.001), as well as attention (p = 0.02). Regardless of HIV status, high stress was associated with poorer performance in those cognitive domains (p's < 0.05) as well as processing speed (p = 0.01) and executive function (p < 0.01). A significant HIV by stress interaction was found only for the verbal memory domain (p = 0.02); among HIV-infected women only, high stress was associated with lower performance (p's < 0.001). That association was driven by the delayed verbal memory measure in particular. These findings suggest that high levels of perceived stress contribute to the deficits in verbal memory observed in WIHS women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.