ArticleAmerican journal of public health2015
Factors associated with increased cesarean risk among African American women: evidence from California, 2010.
Article in American journal of public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Association Between Experiencing Racial Discrimination and Delivery Method Among Women in the United States, PRAMS 2016-2021.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Can Birth Hospital Explain Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cesarean Birth Among Low-Risk Births? An Analysis of California Data, 2007-2018.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Trends in Cesarean Delivery on Maternal Request.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Obstructed Labor, Evolution, and Health Disparities.Biology · 2024Review
- Intimate Partner Violence, Loss of Control, and Adolescent Perception of Birth.The Journal of perinatal education · 2024Article
- Managing Pregnancy and Nursing Affecting African American Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Clinical Outcomes and Parenthood.Medical research archives · 2023Article
- Pain Severity and Pain Interference in Late Pregnancy: An Analysis of Biopsychosocial Factors Among Women Scheduled for Cesarean Delivery.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2023Observational
- Inequalities in cesarean births between American Indian & Alaska Native people and White people.Health services research · 2023Article
- Examining Cesarean Delivery Rates by Race: a Population-Based Analysis Using the Robson Ten-Group Classification System.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2021Article
- Cesarean birth and maternal morbidity among Black women and White women after implementation of a blended payment policy.Health services research · 2020Article
- Multi-level Drivers of Disparities in Hispanic Cesarean Delivery Rates in US-Mexico Border States.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2020Article
- Weaker bones and white skin as adaptions to improve anthropological "fitness" for northern environments.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2020Review
- The Giving Voice to Mothers study: inequity and mistreatment during pregnancy and childbirth in the United States.Reproductive health · 2019Article
- Examining Trends in Obstetric Quality Measures for Monitoring Health Care Disparities.Medical care · 2018Article
- Mapping integration of midwives across the United States: Impact on access, equity, and outcomes.PloS one · 2018Article
- Prenatal attitudes toward vaginal delivery and actual delivery mode: Variation by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2017Article
- Association between Prenatal One-Hour Glucose Challenge Test Values and Delivery Mode in Nondiabetic, Pregnant Black Women.Journal of pregnancy · 2015Article
- Cesarean effects on adolescents' birth experiences: counterfactual analysis.Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapyArticle
- Early Elective Delivery Disparities between Non-Hispanic Black and White Women after Statewide Policy Implementation.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthArticle
- Cesarean Sections and Racial Birth Trauma: A Qualitative Analysis for Obstetric Racism among Black Women in the United States.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe studied if both observed and unobserved maternal health in African American women in hospitals or communities were associated with cesarean delivery of infants.
methodsWe examined the relationship between African American race and cesarean delivery among 493 433 women discharged from 255 Californian hospitals in 2010 using administrative data; we adjusted for patient comorbidities and maternal, fetal, and placental risk factors, as well as clustering of patients within hospitals.
resultsCesarean rates were significantly higher overall for African American women than other women (unadjusted rate 36.8% vs 32.7%), as were both elective and emergency primary cesarean rates. Elevated risks persisted after risk adjustment (odds ratio generally > 1.27), but the prevalence of particular risk factors varied. Although African American women were clustered in some hospitals, the proportion of African Americans among all women delivering in a hospital was not related to its overall cesarean rate.
conclusionsTo address the higher likelihood of elective cesarean delivery, attention needs to be given to currently unmeasured patient-level health factors, to the quality of provider-physician interactions, as well as to patient preferences.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.