Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25787995›Full record

Observational studyThe American journal of clinical nutrition2015

Plasma phospholipid fatty acids and fish-oil consumption in relation to osteoporotic fracture risk in older adults: the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility Study.

Tamara B Harris, Xiaoling Song, Ilse Reinders, Thomas F Lang, Melissa E Garcia, Kristin Siggeirsdottir, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Vilmundur Gudnason, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Gunnar Sigurdsson and 4 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Fatty acid dietary intakes and blood concentrations in relation to hip fracture risk in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Plasma fatty acid composition predicts bone mineral accrual from childhood to adolescence: the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  10. Frontiers in nutrition · 2021
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Association of blood n-3 fatty acid with bone mass and bone marrow TRAP-5b in the elderly with and without hip fracture.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2019
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Early Life Residence, Fish Consumption, and Risk of Breast Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2017
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.

Tamara B HarrisFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Xiaoling SongFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Ilse ReindersFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Thomas F LangFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Melissa E GarciaFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Kristin SiggeirsdottirFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Sigurdur SigurdssonFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Vilmundur GudnasonFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Gudny EiriksdottirFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Gunnar SigurdssonFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Laufey SteingrimsdottirFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Thor AspelundFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Ingeborg A BrouwerFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
Rachel A MurphyFrom the Laboratory of Epidemiology, and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (TBH, IR, MEG, and RAM); the Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (XS); the Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (IR and IAB); the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA (TFL); the Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland (KS, SS, VG, GE, GS, and TA); and the University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (VG, GS, and LS).
University of Iceland · IS

Funding

AGES STUDY-THE REYKJAVIK STUDY OF HEALTHY AGING FOR THE NEW MILLENNIUM-26012100N01AG012100 · NIA · ICELANDIC HEART ASSOCIATION · 2002 to 2004
–
Intramural NIH HHSNIA NIH HHS N01-AG012100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may play a role in fracture, but studies have been largely confined to estimates of dietary intake.

objectiveWe aimed to examine associations between fatty acids measured in late life and fish-oil consumption in early life, midlife, and late life with osteoporotic fracture risk.

designOsteoporotic fractures were determined from medical records over 5-9 y of follow-up in men and women aged 66-96 y. Data were analyzed from 1438 participants including 898 participants who were randomly selected from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility Study, which is an observational study, and 540 participants with incident fracture. Plasma phospholipid fatty acids were assessed by using gas chromatography. Fish-oil consumption was assessed by using validated questionnaires as never (referent), less than daily, or daily. HRs and 95% CIs adjusted for age, education, height, weight, diabetes, physical activity, and medications were estimated by using Cox regression.

resultsIn men, the highest tertile of PUFAs, n-3 (ω-3), and eicosapentaenoic acid were associated with decreased fracture risk [HRs (95% CIs): 0.60 (95% CI: 0.41, 0.89), 0.66 (0.45, 0.95), and 0.59 (0.41, 0.86), respectively]. In women, PUFAs tended to be inversely associated with fracture risk (P-trend = 0.06), but tertiles 2 and 3 were not independently associated with risk. Tertile 2 of n-6 and arachidonic acid was associated with fracture risk in women [HRs (95% CIs): 1.43 (1.10, 1.85) and 1.42 (1.09, 1.85), respectively]. Daily fish-oil consumption in late life was associated with lower fracture risk in men (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.91). Daily fish-oil consumption in midlife was associated with lower fracture risk in women (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98).

conclusionsGreater PUFA concentrations may be associated with lower osteoporotic fracture risk in older adults, particularly in men. Critical time periods for n-3 fatty acid consumption may differ by sex.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overArachidonic AcidEicosapentaenoic AcidFatty Acids, Omega-3Fatty Acids, Omega-6FemaleFish OilsFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleOsteoporotic FracturesPhospholipidsProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsArachidonic AcidEicosapentaenoic AcidFatty Acids, Omega-3Fatty Acids, Omega-6Fish OilsPhospholipidsagingbone healthfatty acidsfish oilomega-3osteoporotic fracture

Identifiers

PMID25787995
PMCPMC4409686
OpenAlexW2102278338

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.