ArticlePloS one2015
Human malignant melanoma-derived progestagen-associated endometrial protein immunosuppresses T lymphocytes in vitro.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-nucleus multi-omics dissection of dysregulated trophoblast development and disrupted immune microenvironment in complete hydatidiform moles.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- TMB-related immune gene PAEP influences clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression and prognosis.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Melanoma microsatellites exhibit a metastatic signature by spatial transcriptomics and overexpress mediators of immune evasion.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- A novel fumaric acid metabolism-related prognostic signature associated with prognosis and immune infiltration landscape in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Article
- Immune-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Signature Determines Prognosis and Immunotherapeutic Coherence in Esophageal Cancer.Cancer informatics · 2024Article
- Progressive development of melanoma-induced cachexia differentially impacts organ systems in mice.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Construction and verification of a novel prognostic risk model for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma based on immunity-related genes.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- N6-methylandenosine-related immune genes correlate with prognosis and immune landscapes in gastric cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Melanoma Molecular Subtypes and Development of Prognostic and Immunotherapy-Related Genetic Characteristics by Ferroptosis Gene Analysis.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
- The Roles of Glycodelin in Cancer Development and Progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Progestagen-associated endometrial protein (PAEP) is a glycoprotein of the lipocalin family that acts as a negative regulator of T cell receptor-mediated activation. However, the function of tumor-derived PAEP on the human immune system in the tumor microenvironment is unknown. PAEP is highly expressed in intermediate and thick primary melanomas (Breslow's 2.5mm or greater) and metastatic melanomas, correlating with its expression in daughter cell lines established in vitro. The current study investigates the role of melanoma cell-secreted PAEP protein in regulating T cell function. Upon the enrichment of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, each subset was then mixed with either melanoma-derived PAEP protein or PAEP-poor supernatant of gene-silenced tumor cells. IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion of CD4+ T cells significantly decreased with the addition of PAEP-rich supernatant. And the addition of PAEP-positive cell supernatant to activated lymphocytes significantly inhibited lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxic T cell activity, while increasing lymphocyte apoptosis. Our result suggests that melanoma cell-secreted PAEP protein immunosuppresses the activation, proliferation and cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes, which might partially explain the mechanism of immune tolerance induced by melanoma cells within the tumor microenvironment.
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