ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2015
Elimination of lymphatic filariasis in the Gambia.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- How can we better integrate the prevention, treatment, control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases with other health interventions? A systematic review.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Economic evaluations of lymphatic filariasis interventions: a systematic review and research needs.Parasites & vectors · 2018Pooled it
- Modelling the distribution and transmission intensity of lymphatic filariasis in sub-Saharan Africa prior to scaling up interventions: integrated use of geostatistical and mathematical modelling.Parasites & vectors · 2015Pooled it
- Clinical evaluation for morbidity associated with soil-transmitted helminth infection in school-age children on Pemba Island, Tanzania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Trial
- Integrating Community Practices, Vector Resistance, and Molecular Xenomonitoring of Wuchereria Bancrofti: A One Health Implementation Study in Lymphatic Filariasis-Endemic Communities.Acta parasitologica · 2026Article
- Examining the overlap in lymphatic filariasis prevalence and malaria insecticide-treated net access-use in endemic Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Shrinking the lymphatic filariasis map of Zimbabwe: Reassessing the population requiring treatment through confirmatory mapping.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2025Article
- An Ensemble Framework for Projecting the Impact of Lymphatic Filariasis Interventions Across Sub-Saharan Africa at a Fine Spatial Scale.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- How Does the Proportion of Never Treatment Influence the Success of Mass Drug Administration Programs for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis?Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Morbidity hotspot surveillance: A novel approach to detect lymphatic filariasis transmission in non-endemic areas of the Tillabéry region of Niger.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2023Article
- [Lymphatic Filariasis Transmission Assessment Survey in Burkina Faso in Connection with 4 Districts].Medecine tropicale et sante internationale · 2021Article
- Modelling the Impact of Vector Control on Lymphatic Filariasis Programs: Current Approaches and Limitations.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Review
- A mathematical model of the dynamics of lymphatic filariasis in Caraga Region, the Philippines.Royal Society open science · 2021Article
- Assessment of Etiology of Elephantiasis and Its Associated Risk Factors in Jeldu District, West Shoa, Ethiopia.Journal of tropical medicine · 2021Article
- African regional progress and status of the programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: 2000-2020.International health · 2020Review
- Clinical, serological and DNA testing in Bengo Province, Angola further reveals low filarial endemicity and opportunities for disease elimination.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2020Article
- The importance of vector control for the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Review
- Evaluating the Evidence for Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination.Trends in parasitology · 2019Review
- Potential factors influencing lymphatic filariasis transmission in "hotspot" and "control" areas in Ghana: the importance of vectors.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2019Article
- The Prevalence of Lymphatic Filariasis in Elementary School Children Living in Endemic Areas: A Baseline Survey Prior to Mass Drug Administration in Pekalongan District-Indonesia.Iranian journal of public health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti, which causes lymphatic filariasis (LF) in The Gambia was among the highest in Africa in the 1950s. However, surveys conducted in 1975 and 1976 revealed a dramatic decline in LF endemicity in the absence of mass drug administration (MDA). The decline in prevalence was partly attributed to a significant reduction in mosquito density through the widespread use of insecticidal nets. Based on findings elsewhere that vector control alone can interrupt LF, we asked the question in 2013 whether the rapid scale up in the use of insecticidal nets in The Gambia had interrupted LF transmission. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING: We present here the results of three independently designed filariasis surveys conducted over a period of 17 years (1997-2013), and involving over 6000 subjects in 21 districts across all administrative divisions in The Gambia. An immunochromatographic (ICT) test was used to detect W. bancrofti antigen during all three surveys. In 2001, tests performed on stored samples collected between 1997 and 2000, in three divisions, failed to show positive individuals from two divisions that were previously highly endemic for LF, suggesting a decline towards extinction in some areas. Results of the second survey conducted in 2003 showed that LF was no longer endemic in 16 of 21 districts surveyed. The 2013 survey used a WHO recommended LF transmission verification tool involving 3180 6-7 year-olds attending 60 schools across the country. We demonstrated that transmission of W. bancrofti has been interrupted in all 21 districts.
conclusionsWe conclude that LF transmission may have been interrupted in The Gambia through the extensive use of insecticidal nets for malaria control for decades. The growing evidence for the impact of malaria vector control activities on parasite transmission has been endorsed by WHO through a position statement in 2011 on integrated vector management to control malaria and LF.
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