Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25782446›Full record

ArticleNature communications2015

Soft network composite materials with deterministic and bio-inspired designs.

Kyung-In Jang, Ha Uk Chung, Sheng Xu, Chi Hwan Lee, Haiwen Luan, Jaewoong Jeong, Huanyu Cheng, Gwang-Tae Kim, Sang Youn Han, Jung Woo Lee and 20 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed
22.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 520 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Designing PEDOT:PSS hydrogels for bioelectronic interfaces.Materials today (Kidlington, England) · 2026
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  2. Multi-Axis Stretchable Zippers for Personalized Wound Healing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
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  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Suppressing mechanical property variability in recycled plastics via bioinspired design.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Fracture of polymer-like networks with hybrid bond strengths.Journal of the mechanics and physics of solids · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Nature-Inspired Designs in Wind Energy: A Review.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  17. Biomimetic Wearable Sensors: Emerging Combination of Intelligence and Electronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Jointless Bioinspired Soft Robotics by Harnessing Micro and Macroporosity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Article
  20. Article

27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.

Kyung-In JangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Ha Uk ChungDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Sheng XuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.ORCID 0000000231204992
Chi Hwan LeeDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Haiwen LuanDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Jaewoong JeongDepartment of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
Huanyu ChengDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Gwang-Tae KimDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Sang Youn Han1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA [2] Samsung Display Co. Display R&D Center, Yongin-city, Gyeongki-do 446-711, Republic of Korea.
Jung Woo Lee1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA [2] Department of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
Jeonghyun Kim1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA [2] Department of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
Moongee ChoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Fuxing Miao1] Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA [2] Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
Yiyuan YangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Han Na JungDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Matthew FlavinDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Howard LiuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Gil Woo KongDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Ki Jun YuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Sang Il RheeDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Jeahoon ChungDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Byunggik KimDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Jean Won KwakDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Myoung Hee Yun1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA [2] School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.
Jin Young KimSchool of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea.
Young Min SongDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
Ungyu PaikDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
Yihui Zhang1] Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA [2] Center for Mechanics and Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Yonggang HuangDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
John A RogersDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · USNorthwestern University · USHanyang University · KRNingbo University · CNPusan National University · KRUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology · KRUniversity of Colorado Boulder · US

Funding

Howard Hughes Medical Institute
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hard and soft structural composites found in biology provide inspiration for the design of advanced synthetic materials. Many examples of bio-inspired hard materials can be found in the literature; far less attention has been devoted to soft systems. Here we introduce deterministic routes to low-modulus thin film materials with stress/strain responses that can be tailored precisely to match the non-linear properties of biological tissues, with application opportunities that range from soft biomedical devices to constructs for tissue engineering. The approach combines a low-modulus matrix with an open, stretchable network as a structural reinforcement that can yield classes of composites with a wide range of desired mechanical responses, including anisotropic, spatially heterogeneous, hierarchical and self-similar designs. Demonstrative application examples in thin, skin-mounted electrophysiological sensors with mechanics precisely matched to the human epidermis and in soft, hydrogel-based vehicles for triggered drug release suggest their broad potential uses in biomedical devices.

Indexed as

Biomimetic MaterialsMaterials TestingBiocompatible MaterialsBiomimeticsDrug Delivery SystemsElastic ModulusElectronicsElectrophysiologyEpidermisFinite Element AnalysisHardnessHumansHydrogelsImidesSkinStress, MechanicalBiocompatible MaterialsHydrogelsImides

Identifiers

PMID25782446
PMCPMC4383007
OpenAlexW2170562875

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.