ArticleMolecular biotechnology2015
Cloning of Toluene 4-Monooxygenase Genes and Application of Two-Phase System to the Production of the Anticancer Agent, Indirubin.
Article in Molecular biotechnology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in microbial biosynthesis of indirubin.Chinese herbal medicines · 2026Review
- Functional characterization of a novel flavin reductase from a deep-sea sediment metagenomic library and its application for indirubin production.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Characterization of a novel monooxygenase originating from a deep-sea sediment metagenomic library.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Synthetic microbes and biocatalyst designs in Thailand.Biotechnology notes (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Review
- Biocomputational Screening of Natural Compounds against Acetylcholinesterase.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Indirubin is a strong inhibitor of several eukaryotic cell signaling pathways and shows promise as a treatment for myelocytic leukemia and Alzheimer's disease. The tmoABCDEF operon, encoding the components of a novel toluene 4-monooxygenase from the paint factory soil isolate, Pseudomonas sp. M4, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. E. coli::pKSR12 expressing the tmo genes was used to develop a two-phase [dioctyl phthalate (DOP)/aqueous medium] culture system that was optimized to obtain maximal yields of indirubin from the starting substrate, indole. DOP was used as the organic phase to solubilize and sequester the toxic indole substrate, making possible the use of high indole concentrations that would otherwise interfere with growth in aqueous media. A 50 % (v/v) DOP two-phase system using tryptophan medium containing 3 mM cysteine, 5 mM indole, and 1 mM isatin yielded 102.4 mg/L of indirubin with no conversion of indole to the less valuable alternate product, indigo.
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