ArticleThe Science of the total environment2015
Metal contamination of home garden soils and cultivated vegetables in the province of Brescia, Italy: implications for human exposure.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils and Gastric Cancer Risk: Molecular Insights and the Relevance of a One Health Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Assessing the mediating role of iron status on associations between an industry-relevant metal mixture and verbal learning and memory in Italian adolescents.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Manganese-Induced Parkinsonism: Evidence from Epidemiological and Experimental Studies.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Trace elements in Foodstuffs from the Mediterranean Basin-Occurrence, Risk Assessment, Regulations, and Prevention strategies: A review.Biological trace element research · 2023Review
- Combining Outreach and Cross-sectional Research to Gather Children's Soil Values in Aotearoa New Zealand: Protocol for the Mixed Methods Soilsafe Kids Program.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Comparison between Macro and Trace Element Concentrations in Human Semen and Blood Serum in Highly Polluted Areas in Italy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Relationships of Nutritional Factors and Agrochemical Exposure with Parkinson's Disease in the Province of Brescia, Italy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Critical windows of susceptibility in the association between manganese and neurocognition in Italian adolescents living near ferro-manganese industry.Neurotoxicology · 2021Article
- Extremely high concentrations of zinc in birch tree leaves collected in Chelyabinsk, Russia.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2021Article
- Are heavy metals in urban garden soils linked to vulnerable populations? A case study from Guelph, Canada.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Increased risk for lead exposure in children through consumption of produce grown in urban soils.The Science of the total environment · 2020Article
- Comprehensive Evaluation of Metal Pollution in Urban Soils of a Post-Industrial City-A Case of Łódź, Poland.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Metal Exposure and SNCA rs356219 Polymorphism Associated With Parkinson Disease and Parkinsonism.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Potentially Harmful Element Concentrations in the Vegetables Cultivated on Arable Soils, with Human Health-Risk Implications.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Assessing the contributions of metals in environmental media to exposure biomarkers in a region of ferroalloy industry.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2019Article
- Manganese transporter genetics and sex modify the association between environmental manganese exposure and neurobehavioral outcomes in children.Environment international · 2019Article
- From environmental data acquisition to assessment of gardeners' exposure: feedback in an urban context highly contaminated with metals.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Environmental exposure and health effects in a highly polluted area of Northern Italy: a narrative review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Review
- Assessment of heavy metals (total chromium, lead, and manganese) contamination of residential soil and homegrown vegetables near a former chemical manufacturing facility in Tarnaveni, Romania.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2018Article
- Accumulation of trace elements in edible crops and poplar grown on a titanium ore landfill.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFor the past century, ferroalloy industries in Brescia province, Italy produced particulate emissions enriched in manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al). This study assessed metal concentrations in soil and vegetables of regions with varying ferroalloy industrial activity levels.
methodsHome gardens (n=63) were selected in three regions of varying ferroalloy plant activity durations in Brescia province. Total soil metal concentration and extractability were measured by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), aqua regia extraction, and modified Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction. Unwashed and washed spinach and turnips cultivated in the same gardens were analyzed for metal concentrations by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.
resultsMedian soil Al, Cd, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn concentrations were significantly higher in home gardens near ferroalloy plants compared to reference home gardens. The BCR method yielded the most mobile soil fraction (the sum of extractable metals in Fractions 1 and 2) and all metal concentrations were higher in ferroalloy plant areas. Unwashed spinach showed higher metal concentrations compared to washed spinach. However, some metals in washed spinach were higher in the reference area likely due to history of agricultural product use. Over 60% of spinach samples exceeded the 2- to 4-fold Commission of European Communities and Codex Alimentarius Commission maximum Pb concentrations, and 10% of the same spinach samples exceeded 2- to 3-fold maximum Cd concentrations set by both organizations. Turnip metal concentrations were below maximum standard reference values.
conclusionsProlonged industrial emissions increase median metal concentrations and most soluble fractions (BCR F1+F2) in home garden soils near ferroalloy plants. Areas near ferroalloy plant sites had spinach Cd and Pb metal concentrations several-fold above maximum standard references. We recommend thorough washing of vegetables to minimize metal exposure.
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