ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2015
Gene therapy approaches to regenerating the musculoskeletal system.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed.
- Regenerative Medicine: Advanced Therapy for Muscle Tissue Restoration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Biologics for bone regeneration: advances in cell, protein, gene, and mRNA therapies.Bone research · 2026Review
- Messenger RNA therapy in bone and joint diseases: Rationale, delivery systems, and applications.Biomaterials translational · 2026Article
- Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: Advances and Prospective.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Engineering bone tissue with mRNA: from molecular design and delivery to clinical applications.Materials today (Kidlington, England) · 2025Article
- Oscillating Magnetic Field Induced Bone Injury Repair by using Drug-Free Micromotors.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Osteoarthritis gene therapy: Expanding the scope of genetic therapies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Preclinical Evaluation and Advancements in Vascularized Bone Tissue Engineering.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Recent developments in translational imaging of in vivo gene therapy outcomes.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Relationships between intervertebral disc degeneration and lysyl oxidase expression in human nucleus pulposus.Biomedical reports · 2025Article
- Development of a macrophage polarization-modulating therapeutic agent for osteoarthritis treatment.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Y-shaped DNA as a dynamic self-assembly nanomaterial for phenotype-specific regulation of stem cell differentiation on the gene level.Regenerative biomaterials · 2025Article
- Advanced therapies in orthopaedics.EFORT open reviews · 2024Review
- Identification of key eRNAs for intervertebral disc degeneration by integrated multinomial bioinformatics analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Bringing gene therapy to regenerative medicine.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2023Article
- Investigation of the Mitigation of DMSO-Induced Cytotoxicity by Hyaluronic Acid following Cryopreservation of Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- rAAV TGF-β and FGF-2 Overexpression via pNaSS-Grafted PCL Films Stimulates the Reparative Activities of Human ACL Fibroblasts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Calcium Phosphate-Based Nanomaterials: Preparation, Multifunction, and Application for Bone Tissue Engineering.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cellular uptake of modified mRNA occurs via caveolae-mediated endocytosis, yielding high protein expression in slow-dividing cells.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- Efficient autocrine and paracrine signaling explain the osteogenic superiority of transgenic BMP-2 over rhBMP-2.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2023Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Injuries to the musculoskeletal system are common, debilitating and expensive. In many cases, healing is imperfect, which leads to chronic impairment. Gene transfer might improve repair and regeneration at sites of injury by enabling the local, sustained and potentially regulated expression of therapeutic gene products; such products include morphogens, growth factors and anti-inflammatory agents. Proteins produced endogenously as a result of gene transfer are nascent molecules that have undergone post-translational modification. In addition, gene transfer offers particular advantages for the delivery of products with an intracellular site of action, such as transcription factors and noncoding RNAs, and proteins that need to be inserted into a cell compartment, such as a membrane. Transgenes can be delivered by viral or nonviral vectors via in vivo or ex vivo protocols using progenitor or differentiated cells. The first gene transfer clinical trials for osteoarthritis and cartilage repair have already been completed. Various bone-healing protocols are at an advanced stage of development, including studies with large animals that could lead to human trials. Other applications in the repair and regeneration of skeletal muscle, intervertebral disc, meniscus, ligament and tendon are in preclinical development. In addition to scientific, medical and safety considerations, clinical translation is constrained by social, financial and logistical issues.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.