Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25775595›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015

Recombination in diverse maize is stable, predictable, and associated with genetic load.

Eli Rodgers-Melnick, Peter J Bradbury, Robert J Elshire, Jeffrey C Glaubitz, Charlotte B Acharya, Sharon E Mitchell, Chunhui Li, Yongxiang Li, Edward S Buckler

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 135 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
135citing papers in PubMed
21.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

135 citing papers in PubMed, 235 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Why recombination hotspots?PLoS genetics · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. In silico prediction of variant effects: promises and limitations for precision plant breeding.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025
    Review
  17. Assessing and mining grain amaranth diversity for sustainable cropping systems.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Eli Rodgers-MelnickInstitute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; er432@cornell.edu pjb39@cornell.edu.
Peter J BradburyInstitute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY 14853; and er432@cornell.edu pjb39@cornell.edu.
Robert J ElshireInstitute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853;
Jeffrey C GlaubitzInstitute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853;
Charlotte B AcharyaInstitute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853;
Sharon E MitchellInstitute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853;
Chunhui LiInstitute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Yongxiang LiInstitute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Edward S BucklerInstitute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY 14853; and.
Cornell University · USChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences · CNInstitute of Crop Sciences · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Among the fundamental evolutionary forces, recombination arguably has the largest impact on the practical work of plant breeders. Varying over 1,000-fold across the maize genome, the local meiotic recombination rate limits the resolving power of quantitative trait mapping and the precision of favorable allele introgression. The consequences of low recombination also theoretically extend to the species-wide scale by decreasing the power of selection relative to genetic drift, and thereby hindering the purging of deleterious mutations. In this study, we used genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to identify 136,000 recombination breakpoints at high resolution within US and Chinese maize nested association mapping populations. We find that the pattern of cross-overs is highly predictable on the broad scale, following the distribution of gene density and CpG methylation. Several large inversions also suppress recombination in distinct regions of several families. We also identify recombination hotspots ranging in size from 1 kb to 30 kb. We find these hotspots to be historically stable and, compared with similar regions with low recombination, to have strongly differentiated patterns of DNA methylation and GC content. We also provide evidence for the historical action of GC-biased gene conversion in recombination hotspots. Finally, using genomic evolutionary rate profiling (GERP) to identify putative deleterious polymorphisms, we find evidence for reduced genetic load in hotspot regions, a phenomenon that may have considerable practical importance for breeding programs worldwide.

Indexed as

Genetic LoadRecombination, GeneticAllelesBayes TheoremCpG IslandsCrossing Over, GeneticDNA MethylationGene ConversionGene DeletionGenotypeHomozygoteMutationPhenotypePolymorphism, GeneticZea maysdeleterious mutationsgenetic loadmaizemethylationrecombination

Identifiers

PMID25775595
PMCPMC4378432
OpenAlexW2034638165

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.