SynthesisEnvironmental health perspectives2015
Bisphenol S and F: A Systematic Review and Comparison of the Hormonal Activity of Bisphenol A Substitutes.
Synthesis in Environmental health perspectives, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 457 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
457 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,459 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential association between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and gynecomastia: a systematic review based on partial experimental evidenceendocrine-disrupting chemicals.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Bisphenol A and human fertility: a systematic review.JBRA assisted reproduction · 2025Pooled it
- Temporal and geographic variability of bisphenol levels in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of international biomonitoring data.Environmental research · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal bisphenols exposure and thyroid function in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Human Exposure to Bisphenols, Parabens, and Benzophenones, and Its Relationship with the Inflammatory Response: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Bisphenols and Phthalates in Bottled Mineral Water: First Evidence of Co-Occurrence, Estrogenic Activity, and Health Risk in Brazil.Environmental toxicology · 2026Article
- Review
- Comprehensive Evaluation of Bisphenol A Toxicity Reveals Neurobehavioral, Metabolic, and Reproductive Impairments in Girardia tigrina.Environmental toxicology · 2026Article
- Differential impact of bisphenol S on human arterial endothelial cells from healthy and type-2 diabetic donors: a high-content imaging study.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2026Article
- Association between urinary bisphenol levels and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study using the fourth Korean National Environmental Health Survey.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2026Article
- Association between delivery-food consumption frequency and urinary bisphenol concentrations among Korean adults: a nationally representative study (Korean National Environmental Health Survey cycle 5, 2021-2023).Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Emerging-Pollutant Toxicity in Human Reproduction: From Xenobiotic Exposure to Fertility Impairment and Reproductive Carcinogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Paternal Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Couples' Pregnancy Outcomes: A Qualitative Review of the Literature.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Curcumin Attenuates Bisphenol F-Induced Osteoporosis and Osteogenic Dysfunction via PI3K/AKT Pathway Activation.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Microplastic Exposure Aggravates Cardiomyopathy Under Hemodynamic Stress Through the Gut-Heart Axis.Circulation · 2026Article
- Navigating the Forest of Lignin-Derived Monomers for Polymer Synthesis.Biomacromolecules · 2026Review
- Bisphenol S-Induced Neurobehavioral Impairment Is Characterized by c-Jun Activation and Distinct Dysregulation of Nrf2 and BDNF in the Zebrafish Brain.Neurotoxicity research · 2026Article
- Endocrine Disruptors and Gynecological Malignancies.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Maternal Bisphenol S Exposure Impairs Testicular Development and Sperm Function in Male Offspring by Disrupting the Immune-Endocrine Network.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
397 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIncreasing concern over bisphenol A (BPA) as an endocrine-disrupting chemical and its possible effects on human health have prompted the removal of BPA from consumer products, often labeled "BPA-free." Some of the chemical replacements, however, are also bisphenols and may have similar physiological effects in organisms. Bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) are two such BPA substitutes.
objectivesThis review was carried out to evaluate the physiological effects and endocrine activities of the BPA substitutes BPS and BPF. Further, we compared the hormonal potency of BPS and BPF to that of BPA.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review based on the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) protocol.
resultsWe identified the body of literature to date, consisting of 32 studies (25 in vitro only, and 7 in vivo). The majority of these studies examined the hormonal activities of BPS and BPF and found their potency to be in the same order of magnitude and of similar action as BPA (estrogenic, antiestrogenic, androgenic, and antiandrogenic) in vitro and in vivo. BPS also has potencies similar to that of estradiol in membrane-mediated pathways, which are important for cellular actions such as proliferation, differentiation, and death. BPS and BPF also showed other effects in vitro and in vivo, such as altered organ weights, reproductive end points, and enzyme expression.
conclusionsBased on the current literature, BPS and BPF are as hormonally active as BPA, and they have endocrine-disrupting effects. CITATION: Rochester JR, Bolden AL. 2015. Bisphenol S and F: a systematic review and comparison of the hormonal activity of bisphenol A substitutes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.