SynthesisPloS one2015
Clostridium difficile infection seasonality: patterns across hemispheres and continents - a systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection based on hospital surveillance data: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Pooled it
- Pangenome-GWAS analysis ofCanadian journal of microbiology · 2026Article
- Analysis of Drug-Resistant Bacteria Seasonality in Japan Using Financial Time Series Analysis Method: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Prevalence and Seasonality of Clostridiodes difficile over 12 Years at a Tertiary Hospital in Brazil.Current microbiology · 2022Article
- Impact of Updated Clinical Practice Guidelines on Outpatient Treatment forOpen forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Seasonal Patterns of Enteric Pathogens in Colombian Indigenous People-A More Pronounced Effect on Bacteria Than on Parasites.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on prevalence of Clostridioides difficile infection in a UK tertiary centre.Anaerobe · 2022Observational
- Improving Stewardship ofKansas journal of medicine · 2022Article
- Candida gut colonization, yeast species distribution, and biofilm production in Clostridioides difficile infected patients: a comparison between three populations in two different time periods.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2021Article
- Mind the Performance Gap: Examining Dataset Shift During Prospective Validation.Proceedings of machine learning research · 2021Article
- Potential Roles for Probiotics in the Treatment of COVID-19 Patients and Prevention of Complications Associated with Increased Antibiotic Use.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile in South Africa.PloS one · 2021Article
- Difference in Vitamin D Levels Between Children withPediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2021Article
- Some simple rules for estimating reproduction numbers in the presence of reservoir exposure or imported cases.Theoretical population biology · 2020Article
- Article
- Acute vascular insufficiency of intestine: incidence highest in summer, outcomes worst in winter.International journal of colorectal disease · 2019Article
- From one species to another: A review on the interaction between chemistry and microbiology in relation to cleaning in the built environment.Indoor air · 2019Review
- Pathogen seasonality and links with weather in England and Wales: a big data time series analysis.BMC public health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies have demonstrated seasonal variability in rates of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Synthesising all available information on seasonality is a necessary step in identifying large-scale epidemiological patterns and elucidating underlying causes.
methodsThree medical and life sciences publication databases were searched from inception to October 2014 for longitudinal epidemiological studies written in English, Spanish or Portuguese that reported the incidence of CDI. The monthly frequency of CDI were extracted, standardized and weighted according to the number of follow-up months. Cross correlation coefficients (XCORR) were calculated to examine the correlation and lag between the year-month frequencies of reported CDI across hemispheres and continents.
resultsThe search identified 13, 5 and 2 studies from North America, Europe, and Oceania, respectively that met the inclusion criteria. CDI had a similar seasonal pattern in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere characterized by a peak in spring and lower frequencies of CDI in summer/autumn with a lag of 8 months (XCORR = 0.60) between hemispheres. There was no difference between the seasonal patterns across European and North American countries.
conclusionCDI demonstrates a distinct seasonal pattern that is consistent across North America, Europe and Oceania. Further studies are required to identify the driving factors of the observed seasonality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.