ArticlePloS one2015
A case-control study to identify risk factors associated with avian influenza subtype H9N2 on commercial poultry farms in Pakistan.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating how infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection influences influenza H3N8 challenge in chickens.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and risk factor for H9N2 avian influenza virus in poultry retail shops of Madhya Pradesh.Virusdisease · 2024Article
- Isolation, Molecular, and Histopathological Patterns of a Novel Variant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Chicken Flocks in Egypt.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Association of biosecurity and hygiene practices with avian influenza A/H5 and A/H9 virus infections in turkey farms.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Risk Factors Associated with Avian Influenza Subtype H9 Outbreaks in Poultry Farms of Central Lowland Nepal.Infectious disease reports · 2022Article
- Avian influenza at animal-human interface: One-health challenge in live poultry retail stalls of Chakwal, Pakistan.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2020Article
- Risk factors associated with Avian Influenza subtype H9 outbreaks in poultry farms in Kathmandu valley, Nepal.PloS one · 2020Article
- Risk Factors for Avian Influenza H9 Infection of Chickens in Live Bird Retail Stalls of Lahore District, Pakistan 2009-2010.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Transcriptomic signatures of cellular and humoral immune responses in older adults after seasonal influenza vaccination identified by data-driven clustering.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Prospective study of avian influenza H9 infection in commercial poultry farms of Punjab Province and Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan.Tropical animal health and production · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for avian influenza subtype H9N2 infection on commercial poultry farms in 16 districts of Punjab, and 1 administrative unit of Pakistan. One hundred and thirty-three laboratory confirmed positive case farms were matched on the date of sample submission with 133 negative control farms. The association between a series of farm-level characteristics and the presence or absence of H9N2 was assessed by univariable analysis. Characteristics associated with H9N2 risk that passed the initial screening were included in a multivariable conditional logistic regression model. Manual and automated approaches were used, which produced similar models. Key risk factors from all approaches included selling of eggs/birds directly to live bird retail stalls, being near case/infected farms, a previous history of infectious bursal disease (IBD) on the farm and having cover on the water storage tanks. The findings of current study are in line with results of many other studies conducted in various countries to identify similar risk factors for AI subtype H9N2 infection. Enhancing protective measures and controlling risks identified in this study could reduce spread of AI subtype H9N2 and other AI viruses between poultry farms in Pakistan.
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