Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25774295›Full record

ReviewClinical & translational immunology2015

Infectious mononucleosis.

Henry H Balfour, Samantha K Dunmire, Kristin A Hogquist

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical & translational immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
101citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

101 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 212 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Clinical practice guideline: tonsillitis I. Diagnostics and nonsurgical management.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2016
    Guideline
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  14. Adoptive T-cell therapy for virus-associated diseases.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025
    Review
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  20. Article

41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Henry H BalfourDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Samantha K DunmireDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Kristin A HogquistDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN, USA.
University of Minnesota Medical Center · US

Funding

Type I interferons in tolerance in the steady stateP01AI035296 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI JAMESON, STEPHEN C · 1993 to 2023
$31.1M
IMMUNOLOGY TRAINING PROGRAMT32AI007313 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI Carla Rothlin · 1989 to 2026
$5.7M
Trafficking & role of effector memory CD8T cell subsets in small intestineF30DK100159 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI SCHENKEL, JASON M. · 2013 to 2015
$100k
NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI035296NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007313NIDDK NIH HHS F30 DK100159
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infectious mononucleosis is a clinical entity characterized by pharyngitis, cervical lymph node enlargement, fatigue and fever, which results most often from a primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. EBV, a lymphocrytovirus and a member of the γ-herpesvirus family, infects at least 90% of the population worldwide, the majority of whom have no recognizable illness. The virus is spread by intimate oral contact among adolescents, but how preadolescents acquire the virus is not known. During the incubation period of approximately 6 weeks, viral replication first occurs in the oropharynx followed by viremia as early as 2 weeks before onset of illness. The acute illness is marked by high viral loads in both the oral cavity and blood accompanied by the production of immunoglobulin M antibodies against EBV viral capsid antigen and an extraordinary expansion of CD8(+) T lymphocytes directed against EBV-infected B cells. During convalescence, CD8(+) T cells return to normal levels and antibodies develop against EBV nuclear antigen-1. A typical clinical picture in an adolescent or young adult with a positive heterophile test is usually sufficient to make the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis, but heterophile antibodies are not specific and do not develop in some patients especially young children. EBV-specific antibody profiles are the best choice for staging EBV infection. In addition to causing acute illness, long-term consequences are linked to infectious mononucleosis, especially Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple sclerosis. There is no licensed vaccine for prevention and no specific approved treatment. Future research goals are development of an EBV vaccine, understanding the risk factors for severity of the acute illness and likelihood of developing cancer or autoimmune diseases, and discovering anti-EBV drugs to treat infectious mononucleosis and other EBV-spurred diseases.

Identifiers

PMID25774295
PMCPMC4346501
OpenAlexW4248069649

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.