ArticleBehavior genetics2015
IL-4 Knock Out Mice Display Anxiety-Like Behavior.
Article in Behavior genetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disentangling depression in women with diabetes: evidence for measure-dependent associations with interleukin-4 and common inflammatory biomarkers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- IL-4Rα signalling influences behavioural and immune responses in Trypanosoma brucei-infected mice: Evidence for iloprost as a neuroprotective agent.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Mouse Testing Methods in Psychoneuroimmunology: Measuring Behavioral Responses.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Controversies and insights into cytokine regulation of neurogenesis and behavior in adult rodents.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immune-Targeted Therapies for Depression: Current Evidence for Antidepressant Effects of Monoclonal Antibodies.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2024Review
- Association of interleukin-2 and interleukin-10 with the pathophysiology and development of generalized anxiety disorder: a case-control study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Offspring behavioral outcomes following maternal allergic asthma in the IL-4-deficient mouse.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2024Article
- Maternal Chronic Ultrasound Stress Provokes Immune Activation and Behavioral Deficits in the Offspring: A Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Regulatory role of cytokines on etiology of depression in animal models: their biological mechanisms and clinical implication with physical exercise.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2022Review
- Correlations of psychological distress with plasma cytokine levels and gene mutations in acral and non-acral melanoma.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- FAM19A (TAFA): An Emerging Family of Neurokines with Diverse Functions in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2021Review
- Repeated allergic asthma in early versus late pregnancy differentially impacts offspring brain and behavior development.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- Lung pathology due to hRSV infection impairs blood-brain barrier permeability enabling astrocyte infection and a long-lasting inflammation in the CNS.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- A Budding Relationship: Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- The type of stress matters: repeated injection and permanent social isolation stress in male mice have a differential effect on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviours, and associated biological alterations.Translational psychiatry · 2020Article
- Article
- Interleukin-4 signalling pathway underlies the anxiolytic effect induced by 3-deoxyadenosine.Psychopharmacology · 2019Article
- The interleukin-4/PPARγ signaling axis promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination after brain injury.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- First description of behavior and immune system relationship in fish.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Inhibition of DNA Methylation With Zebularine Alters Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sickness Behavior and Neuroinflammation in Mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammation is a recognized antecedent and coincident factor when examining the biology of anxiety. Little is known, however, about how reductions in endogenous anti-inflammatory mediators impact anxiety. Therefore, mood- cognition- and anxiety-associated/like behaviors were examined in IL-4 knock out (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice. In comparison to WT mice, IL-4 KO mice demonstrated decreased burrowing and increased social exploration. No differences were seen in forced swim or saccharine preference testing. IL-4 KO mice had similar performance to WT mice in the Morris water maze and during object location and novel object recognition. In the elevated zero-maze, IL-4 KO mice, in comparison to WT mice, demonstrated anxiety-like behavior. Anxiety-like behavior in IL-4 KO mice was not observed, however, during open-field testing. Taken together, these data indicate that IL-4 KO mice display state, but not trait, anxiety suggesting that reductions in endogenous anti-inflammatory bioactives can engender subtypes of anxiety.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.