ReviewInternational journal of obesity (2005)2015
Fasting substrate oxidation at rest assessed by indirect calorimetry: is prior dietary macronutrient level and composition a confounder?
Review in International journal of obesity (2005), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06379802 (Lifestyle Intervention With Physical Activity and Diet for Precision Health in Individuals With Overweight), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Lifestyle Intervention With Physical Activity and Diet for Precision Health in Individuals With Overweight: a 6-month Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (LI-PAD)
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Are Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Metabolically Inflexible? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Non- and Low-Caloric Sweeteners on Substrate Oxidation, Energy Expenditure, and Catecholamines in Humans-A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Association Between Adipose Tissue Characteristics and Metabolic Flexibility in Humans: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- No Influence of Overweight/Obesity on Exercise Lipid Oxidation: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Evaluation of Measured Resting Metabolic Rate for Dietary Prescription in Ageing Adults with Overweight and Adiposity-Based Chronic Disease.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Resting and Physical Activity Energy Expenditure Across an Altitudinal Gradient: An Adjusted Analysis.Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Interpreting whole-body carbohydrate oxidation and 'oxidation efficiency' in carbohydrate supplement studies.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Validity and reproducibility of a whole-room indirect calorimeter for measurement of the thermic effect of food.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Influence of 8-week endurance training on resting energy expenditure and body composition in women.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- Design and conduct of a full diet-controlled, parallel, 2-week residential trial for diabetes prevention without weight loss in Asian Chinese and European Caucasian adults with prediabetes: the New Zealand SYNERGY study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Substrate metabolism in male astronauts onboard the International Space Station: the ENERGY study.NPJ microgravity · 2024Article
- Resting energy metabolism and sweet taste preference during the menstrual cycle in healthy women.The British journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Validity and reliability of a new whole room indirect calorimeter to assess metabolic response to small calorie loads.PloS one · 2024Article
- An Okinawan-Based Nordic Diet Leads to Profound Effects on Gut Microbiota and Plasma Metabolites Linked to Glucose and Lipid Metabolism.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Effect of gas exchange data selection methods on resting metabolic rate estimation in young athletes.PloS one · 2023Article
- Distinct factors associated with short-term and long-term weight loss induced by low-fat or low-carbohydrate diet intervention.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- Metabolic Profiling of Plasma in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome after a 4-Week Starch- and Sucrose-Reduced Diet.Metabolites · 2021Article
- Anthropometric Development in Children: Possible Changes in Body Mass, Basal Metabolic Rate and Inflammatory Status.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The Molecular Effects of Dietary Acid Load on Metabolic Disease (The Cellular PasaDoble: The Fast-Paced Dance of pH Regulation).Frontiers in molecular medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Indirect calorimetry, the measurement of O₂ consumption and CO₂ production, constitutes an invaluable tool as the most common method for analyzing whole-body energy expenditure, and also provides an index of the nature of macronutrient substrate oxidation--namely, carbohydrate (CHO) versus fat oxidation. The latter constitutes a key etiological factor in obesity as this condition can only develop when total fat oxidation is chronically lower than total exogenous fat intake. The standardization of indirect calorimetry measurements is essential for accurately tracking the relative proportion of energy expenditure derived from CHO and fat oxidation. Here we analyze literature data to show that the average fasting respiratory quotient typically shifts from approximately 0.80 to 0.90 (indicating a doubling of resting CHO oxidation) in response to a switch in dietary CHO intake (as % energy) from 30 to 60%. This underscores the importance of taking into account dietary macronutrient composition prior to indirect calorimetry studies in the interpretation of data on substrate utilization and oxidation.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.