SynthesisPloS one2015
Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and orofacial clefts in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Analysing myopia in Europe: A comprehensive meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Pooled it
- Mapping the burden prevalence of neural tube defects across Indian regions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Pooled it
- Causes and risk factors for same-day discharge failure after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Incidence and risk factors of distal adjacent disc degeneration in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients undergoing fusion surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Pooled it
- Incidence and risk factors for stroke after hip fracture: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Incidence of cardiac anomalies in congenital vertebral deformity: systematic review and meta-analysis of 2910 patients.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of suicidal behavior in patients with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Pooled it
- Physio-metabolic and clinical consequences of wearing face masks-Systematic review with meta-analysis and comprehensive evaluation.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Incidence of vitamin D deficiency in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Magnitude and determinants of neural tube defect in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Pooled it
- A national estimate of the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in India: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2018Pooled it
- A Randomized Crossover Trial of Acceptability of Quadruple-Fortified Salt in Women and their Households in Southern India.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Epidemiological Patterns of Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders in the Potohar Region of Pakistan.Clinical medicine insights. Pediatrics · 2026Article
- Care pathways for pediatric surgical conditions.World journal of pediatric surgery · 2026Article
- Evaluation of dental and skeletal age among unilateral cleft lip and palate patients in an eastern Indian population.The Journal of forensic odonto-stomatology · 2025Article
- Long-term follow-up reveals non-utility of nonsurgical management in moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a comprehensive meta-analysis.Asian spine journal · 2025Article
- Uncovering the hidden hunger in translational research for periconceptional folic acid awareness among health care providers.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Presentation and management of neural tube defects in the middle belt of Ghana.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Article
- Fundamental origins of neural tube defects with a basis in genetics and nutrition.Experimental brain research · 2025Review
- Hidden dangers of pelvic fracture: A meta-analysis on urinary tract injury incidence and risk factors.World journal of orthopedics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the last two decades, India has witnessed a substantial decrease in infant mortality attributed to infectious disease and malnutrition. However, the mortality attributed to birth defects remains constant. Studies on the prevalence of birth defects such as neural tube defects and orofacial clefts in India have reported inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of observational studies to document the birth prevalence of neural tube defects and orofacial clefts.
methodsA comprehensive literature search for observational studies was conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases using key MeSH terms (neural tube defects OR cleft lip OR cleft palate AND Prevalence AND India). Two reviewers independently reviewed the retrieved studies, and studies satisfying the eligibility were included. The quality of included studies was assessed using selected criteria from STROBE statement.
resultsThe overall pooled birth prevalence (random effect) of neural tube defects in India is 4.5 per 1000 total births (95% CI 4.2 to 4.9). The overall pooled birth prevalence (random effect) of orofacial clefts is 1.3 per 1000 total births (95% CI 1.1 to 1.5). Subgroup analyses were performed by region, time period, consanguinity, and gender of newborn.
conclusionThe overall prevalence of neural tube defects from India is high compared to other regions of the world, while that of orofacial clefts is similar to other countries. The majority of studies included in the review were hospital based. The quality of these studies ranged from low to moderate. Further well-designed, high quality community-based observational studies are needed to accurately estimate the burden of neural tube defects and orofacial clefts in India.
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