ArticlePloS one2015
Schistosoma haematobium infection and CD4+ T-cell levels: a cross-sectional study of young South African women.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01154907 (Prevention of HIV and Improved Diagnosis of Adolescent Genital Disease in Bilharzia Endemic KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prevention of HIV and Improved Diagnosis of Adolescent Genital Disease in Bilharzia Endemic KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Schistosoma haematobium infection and treatment on the systemic and mucosal immune phenotype, gene expression and microbiome: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review of handheld tools in lieu of colposcopy for cervical neoplasia and female genital schistosomiasis.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of schistosomes on host anti-viral immune response and the acquisition, virulence, and prevention of viral infections: A systematic review.PLoS pathogens · 2021Pooled it
- Association of schistosomiasis and HIV infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between urogenital schistosomiasis and HIV/AIDS infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Prevalence and associated risk factors of self-reported symptoms suggestive of female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) among women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Sex as a biological variable in HIV-1 and schistosome co-infection.The lancet. HIV · 2025Review
- Predictors for participation in mass-treatment and female genital schistosomiasis re-investigation, and the effect of praziquantel treatment in South African adolescents.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Urinary human papillomavirus DNA as an indicator of gynaecological infection in young women inFrontiers in global women's health · 2024Article
- Schistosoma haematobium infection and environmental factors in Southwestern Tanzania: A cross-sectional, population-based study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Schistosomiasis infections in South African pregnant women: A review.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Impact of Endemic Infections on HIV Susceptibility in Sub-Saharan Africa.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2019Review
- Impact of schistosome infection on long-term HIV/AIDS outcomes.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Decreased Sensitivity ofThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Article
- HIV-1 Viral Loads Are Not Elevated in Individuals Co-infected WithFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Schistosoma "Eggs-Iting" the Host: Granuloma Formation and Egg Excretion.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Ugandan Men Is Associated with Increased Abundance and Function of HIV Target Cells in Blood, but Not the Foreskin: A Cross-sectional Study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Article
- An interesting finding in the uterine cervix: Schistosoma hematobium calcified eggs.Autopsy & case reportsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Schistosoma (S.) haematobium causes urogenital schistosomiasis and has been hypothesized to adversely impact HIV transmission and progression. On the other hand it has been hypothesized that HIV could influence the manifestations of schistosomiasis. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the association between urogenital S. haematobium infection and CD4 cell counts in 792 female high-school students from randomly selected schools in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We also investigated the association between low CD4 cell counts in HIV positive women and the number of excreted schistosome eggs in urine. Sixteen percent were HIV positive and 31% had signs of urogenital schistosomiasis (as determined by genital sandy patches and / or abnormal blood vessels on ectocervix / vagina by colposcopy or presence of eggs in urine). After stratifying for HIV status, participants with and without urogenital schistosomiasis had similar CD4 cell counts. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis in HIV positive women with low and high CD4 cell counts. There was no significant difference in the number of eggs excreted in urine when comparing HIV positive and HIV negative women. Our findings indicate that urogenital schistosomiasis do not influence the number of circulating CD4 cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.