ReviewCirculation research2015
Inflammation, immunity, and hypertensive end-organ damage.
Review in Circulation research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 420 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
420 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 690 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Perspectives on the Physiological and Therapeutic Benefits of Placental Extracts in Chronic Noninfectious Diseases and Aging.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Pooled it
- Global trends and hotspots in macrophage research related to hypertension from 2015-2024: bibliometric research and visualization analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Interleukin-receptor antagonist and tumour necrosis factor inhibitors for the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- The role of inflammatory biomarkers in the development and progression of pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Macrophages in Renal Injury, Repair, Fibrosis Following Acute Kidney Injury and Targeted Therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Association between systemic inflammation and long-term mortality in emergency department patients with severe hypertension.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Dendritic Cells in the Immunoregulation of Myocardial Infarction: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- Aortic baroreceptor afferents as sensors for systemic inflammation.Basic research in cardiology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota in Metabolic Syndrome: Differences in Microbial Signatures and Clinical Profiles.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Association between hypertension and sepsis-related complications: a retrospective nationwide inpatient sample database cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- The Research Progress in Targeted Therapy for Hypertension via Heat Shock Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sex-dependent differences in mitochondrial protein acetylation in metabolic condition, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Inflammatory factors and hypertensive nephropathy: A bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Potentiating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in vitro: the combined action of zofenoprilat and nebivolol.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Hypertension-Induced Renal Injury: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Vascular transcriptional and metabolic changes precede progressive intrarenal microvascular rarefaction in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Article
- Beyond the Cuff: State-of-the-Art on Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle-based approaches for vascular inflammation in managing hypertension: advancing molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Integrative analysis of DNA methylation and inflammatory protein biomarkers in hypertension.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
360 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
For >50 years, it has been recognized that immunity contributes to hypertension. Recent data have defined an important role of T cells and various T cell-derived cytokines in several models of experimental hypertension. These studies have shown that stimuli like angiotensin II, deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt, and excessive catecholamines lead to formation of effector like T cells that infiltrate the kidney and perivascular regions of both large arteries and arterioles. There is also accumulation of monocyte/macrophages in these regions. Cytokines released from these cells, including interleukin-17, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factorα, and interleukin-6 promote both renal and vascular dysfunction and damage, leading to enhanced sodium retention and increased systemic vascular resistance. The renal effects of these cytokines remain to be fully defined, but include enhanced formation of angiotensinogen, increased sodium reabsorption, and increased renal fibrosis. Recent experiments have defined a link between oxidative stress and immune activation in hypertension. These have shown that hypertension is associated with formation of reactive oxygen species in dendritic cells that lead to formation of gamma ketoaldehydes, or isoketals. These rapidly adduct to protein lysines and are presented by dendritic cells as neoantigens that activate T cells and promote hypertension. Thus, cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system contribute to end-organ damage and dysfunction in hypertension. Therapeutic interventions to reduce activation of these cells may prove beneficial in reducing end-organ damage and preventing consequences of hypertension, including myocardial infarction, heart failure, renal failure, and stroke.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.