Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25764393›Full record

SynthesisEuropean journal of nutrition2016

Effects of inorganic nitrate and beetroot supplementation on endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jose Lara, Ammar W Ashor, C Oggioni, A Ahluwalia, John C Mathers, Mario Siervo

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European journal of nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 65 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
8.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06948201 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Inorganic Nitrate as a Treatment for ANOCA: NO-ANOCA

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of VirginiaRan2025 to 2026Enrolled8ConditionsCoronary Microvascular Dysfunction (CMD), Angina Patients With Non-obstructive Coronary Artery DiseaseArms70mL Nitrate Rich Beetroot Juice followed by placebo (Nitrate depleted beetroot juice), Placebo (70 mL Nitrate depleted beetroot juice) followed by 70mL Nitrate Rich Beetroot Juice
NCT07560800 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Beetroot Juice on Cardiovascular and Autonomic Responses During and After Exercise in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

TypeinterventionalSponsorOxford Brookes UniversityRan2026 to 2026Enrolled20ConditionsType 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Autonomic Nervous System DiseasesArmsBeetroot juice, Nitrate-depleted Beetroot Juice Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.

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5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Jose LaraHuman Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK. jose.lara@newcastle.ac.uk.
Ammar W AshorHuman Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
C OggioniHuman Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
A AhluwaliaWilliam Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
John C MathersHuman Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
Mario SiervoHuman Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
Newcastle University · GBMustansiriyah University · IQQueen Mary University of London · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/K006312/1Medical Research Council MR/N007921/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiets rich in inorganic nitrate are associated with lower blood pressure, an effect that may be mediated by an improvement of endothelial function (EF). Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to examine the effects of inorganic nitrate and beetroot supplementation on measures of EF.

methodsMEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched from inception until November 2014. Specific inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) RCTs; (2) trials comparing inorganic nitrate or beetroot supplementation with placebo control groups; and (3) trials reporting effects of these interventions on outcomes of vascular function. Random-effect models were used to assess the pooled effect sizes showed as standardised mean differences (SMD).

resultsNine crossover trials and three parallel trials met our inclusion criteria. The trials were conducted between 2008 and 2014 and included a total of 246 participants with 10-64 participants per study. The duration of each intervention ranged from 1.5 h to 28 days. Inorganic nitrate and beetroot consumption was associated with an improvement in vascular function (SMD 0.36; 95 % CI 0.16, 0.56; P < 0.001). The effect on EF was significantly associated with the dose of inorganic nitrate (β = 0.04, SE = 0.01, P < 0.001), age (β = -0.01, SE = 0.004, P = 0.02), baseline BMI (β = -0.04, SE = 0.02, P = 0.05) and systolic BP (β = -0.01, SE = 0.005, P = 0.02).

conclusionsInorganic nitrate and beetroot supplementation was associated with beneficial effects on EF. These effects appear to be reduced in older subjects and in subjects with greater cardiometabolic risk.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsBeta vulgarisBlood PressureBody Mass IndexCardiovascular DiseasesEndotheliumHumansMetabolic SyndromeNitratesPlant RootsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeNitratesBeetrootCardiovascular riskEndothelial functionFlow-mediated dilationInorganic nitrateMeta-analysis

Identifiers

PMID25764393
OpenAlexW1996941873

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.