Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2015
Effects of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on physical function and mobility in overweight and obese older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01049698 (Improving Muscle for Functional Independence Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 90 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Improving Muscle for Functional Independence Trial
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined exercise training and dietary interventions versus independent effect of exercise on ectopic fat in individuals with overweight and obesity: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Intermittent Fasting and Calorie Restriction on Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of exercise with or without a hypocaloric diet on intermuscular and intramuscular fat: a systematic review.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Pooled it
- Nutrition and Exercise Interventions to Improve Body Composition for Persons with Overweight or Obesity Near Retirement Age: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Influence of Resistance Training on Gait & Balance Parameters in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Resistance Training Prevents Muscle Loss Induced by Caloric Restriction in Obese Elderly Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2018Pooled it
- Physical Fitness with Exercise and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Treatment Alone or Combined After Diet-Induced Weight Loss: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Adults with Obesity.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Trial
- Long-term change in body composition following intentional weight loss and its effect on physical function.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Trial
- Caloric restriction and time-restricted eating in older adults with overweight or obesity: The Health, Aging, and Later-Life Outcomes Pilot Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Musculoskeletal characteristics in older adults with overweight or obesity: INVEST in Bone Health trial baseline analysis.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Intervening on Calorie Intake or Eating Timing in Older Adults: Lessons Learned in the Healthy Aging and Late-Life Outcomes Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Trial
- Effects of high-intensity training on fatty infiltration in paraspinal muscles in elderly males with osteosarcopenia - the randomized controlled FrOST study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Trial
- Combined high-intensity interval and resistance training improves cardiorespiratory fitness more than high-intensity interval training in young women with overweight/obesity: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Trial
- Vitamin D supplementation and exercise for improving physical function, body composition and metabolic health in overweight or obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency: a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- Effect of Baseline BMI and IL-6 Subgroup Membership on Gait Speed Response to Caloric Restriction in Older Adults with Obesity.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Effect of Aerobic or Resistance Exercise, or Both, on Intermuscular and Visceral Fat and Physical and Metabolic Function in Older Adults With Obesity While Dieting.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Trial
- Estimating heterogeneity of physical function treatment response to caloric restriction among older adults with obesity.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Effects of 16 months of high intensity resistance training on thigh muscle fat infiltration in elderly men with osteosarcopenia.GeroScience · 2021Trial
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResistance training (RT) improves muscle strength and overall physical function in older adults. RT may be particularly important in the obese elderly who have compromised muscle function. Whether caloric restriction (CR) acts synergistically with RT to enhance function is unknown.
objectiveAs the primary goal of the Improving Muscle for Functional Independence Trial (I'M FIT), we determined the effects of adding CR for weight loss on muscle and physical function responses to RT in older overweight and obese adults.
designI'M FIT was a 5-mo trial in 126 older (65-79 y) overweight and obese men and women who were randomly assigned to a progressive, 3-d/wk, moderate-intensity RT intervention with a weight-loss intervention (RT+CR) or without a weight-loss intervention (RT). The primary outcome was maximal knee extensor strength; secondary outcomes were muscle power and quality, overall physical function, and total body and thigh compositions.
resultsBody mass decreased in the RT+CR group but not in the RT group. Fat mass, percentage of fat, and all thigh fat volumes decreased in both groups, but only the RT+CR group lost lean mass. Adjusted postintervention body- and thigh-composition measures were all lower with RT+CR except intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT). Knee strength, power, and quality and the 4-m gait speed increased similarly in both groups. Adjusted postintervention means for a 400-m walk time and self-reported disability were better with RT+CR with no group differences in other functional measures, including knee strength. Participants with a lower percentage of fat and IMAT at baseline exhibited a greater improvement in the 400-m walk and knee strength and power.
conclusionsRT improved body composition (including reducing IMAT) and muscle strength and physical function in obese elderly, but those with higher initial adiposity experienced less improvement. The addition of CR during RT improves mobility and does not compromise other functional adaptations to RT. These findings support the incorporation of RT into obesity treatments for this population regardless of whether CR is part of the treatment. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01049698.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.