ReviewCNS drugs2015
Infection risk in patients on multiple sclerosis therapeutics.
Review in CNS drugs, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04300868 (Immunisation Status Against Major Communicable Diseases Preventable With Vaccines, and Safety of Vaccines, in a Cohort of MS Patients. An Italian Multicenter Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Immunisation Status Against Major Communicable Diseases Preventable With Vaccines, and Safety of Vaccines, in a Cohort of MS Patients. An Italian Multicenter Study
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccines and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.Journal of neurology · 2017Pooled it
- Tetravalent Influenza Vaccine Is Not Associated With Neuroaxonal Damage in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Article
- Assessment of differences in clinical consequences between rituximab and interferon recipients in multiple sclerosis patients after recovery from COVID-19.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- A disproportionality analysis of nervous system adverse events associated with disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: insights from the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS).Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Infections in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies: A comparative risk assessment cohort study.Current journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Article
- An Elusive Target: Inhibitors of JC Polyomavirus Infection and Their Development as Therapeutics for the Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Infections among individuals with multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.Brain communications · 2023Article
- Risk and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Case Report: Covid-19 in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated With Ocrelizumab: A Case Series.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Vaccination in multiple sclerosis - Challenging practices (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Review
- Article
- Vaccine-associated measles in a patient treated with natalizumab: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Review
- B-cell depleting therapies may affect susceptibility to acute respiratory illness among patients with multiple sclerosis during the early COVID-19 epidemic in Iran.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2020Article
- JC Polyomavirus, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a review.AIDS research and therapy · 2020Review
- A GM-CSF-neuroantigen tolerogenic vaccine elicits inefficient antigen recognition events below the CD40L triggering threshold to expand CD4Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- Hospitalization following influenza infection and pandemic vaccination in multiple sclerosis patients: a nationwide population-based registry study from Norway.European journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- JC Virus infected choroid plexus epithelial cells produce extracellular vesicles that infect glial cells independently of the virus attachment receptor.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The interface of multiple sclerosis (MS) and infection occurs on several levels. First, infectious disease has been postulated as a potential trigger, if not cause, of MS. Second, exacerbation of MS has been well-documented as a consequence of infection, and, lastly, infectious diseases have been recognized as a complication of the therapies currently employed in the treatment of MS. MS is a disease in which immune dysregulation is a key component. Examination of central nervous system (CNS) tissue of people affected by MS demonstrates immune cell infiltration, activation and inflammation. Therapies that alter the immune response have demonstrated efficacy in reducing relapse rates and evidence of brain inflammation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Despite the altered immune response in MS, there is a lack of evidence that these patients are at increased risk of infectious disease in the absence of treatment or debility. Links between infections and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) used in MS will be discussed in this review, as well as estimates of occurrence and ways to potentially minimize these risks. We address infection in MS in a comprehensive fashion, including (1) the impact of infections on relapse rates in patients with MS; (2) a review of available infection data from pivotal trials and postmarketing studies for the approved and experimental DMTs, including frequency, types and severity of infections; and (3) relevant risk minimization strategies, particularly as they pertain to progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.