ArticlePloS one2015
Innate immune response to Streptococcus pyogenes depends on the combined activation of TLR13 and TLR2.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-dimensional single-cell analyses reveal neutrophil heterogeneity in guttate psoriasis.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Streptococcus pyogenes EVs induce the alternative inflammasome via caspase-4/-5 in human monocytes.EMBO reports · 2025Article
- Ribonuclease activity undermines immune sensing of naked extracellular RNA.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- Interplay between group AMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Combining antibiotic with anti-TLR2/TLR13 therapy prevents brain pathology in pneumococcal meningitis.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Immunomodulatory Role of Interferons in Viral and Bacterial Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Evaluation of IL-17D in Host Immunity to Group AJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) Decrease the Progression of Cardiac Fibrosis in Rheumatic Heart Disease Through the Inhibition of IL-33/sST2.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2020Review
- HECT E3 Ubiquitin Ligase-Regulated Txnip Degradation Facilitates TLR2-Mediated Inflammation During Group A Streptococcal Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Group AMicrobiology spectrum · 2019Article
- Crucial Role of Nucleic Acid Sensing via Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors for the Defense ofFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Functional aspects, phenotypic heterogeneity, and tissue immune response of macrophages in infectious diseases.Infection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Lipoteichoic acid anchor triggers Mincle to drive protective immunity against invasive group AProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Article
- Group A Streptococcus encounters with host macrophages.Future microbiology · 2018Review
- The Transcriptional Regulator CpsY Is Important for Innate Immune Evasion in Streptococcus pyogenes.Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- The Influence of Programmed Cell Death in Myeloid Cells on Host Resilience to Infection with Legionella pneumophila or Streptococcus pyogenes.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Type I Interferons in Bacterial Infections: A Balancing Act.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- Human TLR8 senses UR/URR motifs in bacterial and mitochondrial RNA.EMBO reports · 2015Article
- Inflammasome/IL-1β Responses to Streptococcal Pathogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Innate immune recognition of the major human-specific Gram-positive pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes is not understood. Here we show that mice employ Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2- and TLR13-mediated recognition of S. pyogenes. These TLR pathways are non-redundant in the in vivo context of animal infection, but are largely redundant in vitro, as only inactivation of both of them abolishes inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages and dendritic cells infected with S. pyogenes. Mechanistically, S. pyogenes is initially recognized in a phagocytosis-independent manner by TLR2 and subsequently by TLR13 upon internalization. We show that the TLR13 response is specifically triggered by S. pyogenes rRNA and that Tlr13-/- cells respond to S. pyogenes infection solely by engagement of TLR2. TLR13 is absent from humans and, remarkably, we find no equivalent route for S. pyogenes RNA recognition in human macrophages. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that TLR13 occurs in all kingdoms but only in few mammals, including mice and rats, which are naturally resistant against S. pyogenes. Our study establishes that the dissimilar expression of TLR13 in mice and humans has functional consequences for recognition of S. pyogenes in these organisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.