Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25755092›Full record

ArticleJournal of lipid research2015

Plasma cholesterol-lowering and transient liver dysfunction in mice lacking squalene synthase in the liver.

Shuichi Nagashima, Hiroaki Yagyu, Ryuichi Tozawa, Fumiko Tazoe, Manabu Takahashi, Tetsuya Kitamine, Daisuke Yamamuro, Kent Sakai, Motohiro Sekiya, Hiroaki Okazaki and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of lipid research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Shuichi NagashimaDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Hiroaki YagyuDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Ryuichi TozawaDepartment of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
Fumiko TazoeDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Manabu TakahashiDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Tetsuya KitamineDepartment of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
Daisuke YamamuroDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Kent SakaiDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Motohiro SekiyaDepartment of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
Hiroaki OkazakiDepartment of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
Jun-ichi OsugaDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Akira HondaJoint Research Center, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan.
Shun IshibashiDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
Jichi Medical University · JPThe University of Tokyo · JPTokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Squalene synthase (SS) catalyzes the biosynthesis of squalene, the first specific intermediate in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. To test the feasibility of lowering plasma cholesterol by inhibiting hepatic SS, we generated mice in which SS is specifically knocked out in the liver (L-SSKO) using Cre-loxP technology. Hepatic SS activity of L-SSKO mice was reduced by >90%. In addition, cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver slices was almost eliminated. Although the hepatic squalene contents were markedly reduced in L-SSKO mice, the hepatic contents of cholesterol and its precursors distal to squalene were indistinguishable from those of control mice, indicating the presence of sufficient centripetal flow of cholesterol and/or its precursors from the extrahepatic tissues. L-SSKO mice showed a transient liver dysfunction with moderate hepatomegaly presumably secondary to increased farnesol production. In a fed state, the plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly reduced in L-SSKO mice, primarily owing to reduced hepatic VLDL secretion. In a fasted state, the hypolipidemic effect was lost. mRNA expression of liver X receptor α target genes was reduced, while that of sterol-regulatory element binding protein 2 target genes was increased. In conclusion, liver-specific ablation of SS inhibits hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis and induces hypolipidemia without increasing significant mortality.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiosynthetic PathwaysCholesterolFarnesyl-Diphosphate FarnesyltransferaseHydroxymethylglutaryl CoA ReductasesLiverMaleMice, TransgenicCholesterolFarnesyl-Diphosphate FarnesyltransferaseHydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductasescholesterol/biosynthesisCre recombinaseenzymology/enzyme regulationgene targetinginborn errors of metabolismknockoutlipoproteins/metabolismvery low density lipoprotein

Identifiers

PMID25755092
PMCPMC4409289
OpenAlexW2334502001

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.