ArticleMicrobiologyOpen2015
NlpI-mediated modulation of outer membrane vesicle production through peptidoglycan dynamics in Escherichia coli.
Article in MicrobiologyOpen, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.
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Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Genomic analysis of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in the uropathogenMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- Helicobacter pylori-derived outer membrane vesicles: Pathogenic roles, microbiota interactions, and biomedical applications.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Periplasmic crowding and peptidoglycan hydrolase activity as drivers of outer membrane vesiculation in Acinetobacter baumannii.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Frontiers in bacterial outer membrane vesicles: From basic characteristics to cancer therapy.Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu · 2026Article
- Antibiotics modulate Escherichia coli-derived bacterial extracellular vesicle production and their upregulation of ICAM-1 in human endothelial cells.Biology open · 2026Article
- Biosynthesis and Export of Membrane-Enveloped Selenium Nanoparticles byEnvironmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Socio-evolutionary role of bacterial membrane vesicles in cooperation and competition within microbial communities.The ISME journal · 2026Review
- Bacterial extracellular vesicles as players in biofilm dynamics and community interactions.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Outer membrane vesicles as a versatile nanoplatform for advanced vaccine development and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Versatile Platform for Vaccine Development: Engineering Strategies, Applications and Challenges.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Review
- Bioengineering Outer-Membrane Vesicles for Vaccine Development: Strategies, Advances, and Perspectives.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Outer Membrane Vesicles fromACS nano · 2025Article
- Characterization ofIranian journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Opportunities and challenges of bacterial extracellular vesicles in regenerative medicine.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- Development of High-Production Bacterial Biomimetic Vesicles for Inducing Mucosal Immunity Against Avian PathogenicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Prokaryotic morphological features and maintenance activities governed by seasonal productivity conditions.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2024Article
- Outer Membrane Vesicle Production byMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Multimodal inhibitory effect of matcha onMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are ubiquitously secreted from the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria. These heterogeneous structures are composed of OM filled with periplasmic content from the site of budding. By analyzing mutants that have vesicle production phenotypes, we can gain insight into the mechanism of OMV budding in wild-type cells, which has thus far remained elusive. In this study, we present data demonstrating that the hypervesiculation phenotype of the nlpI deletion mutant of Escherichia coli correlates with changes in peptidoglycan (PG) dynamics. Our data indicate that in stationary phase cultures the nlpI mutant exhibits increased PG synthesis that is dependent on spr, consistent with a model in which NlpI controls the activity of the PG endopeptidase Spr. In log phase, the nlpI mutation was suppressed by a dacB mutation, suggesting that NlpI regulates penicillin-binding protein 4 (PBP4) during exponential growth. The data support a model in which NlpI negatively regulates PBP4 activity during log phase, and Spr activity during stationary phase, and that in the absence of NlpI, the cell survives by increasing PG synthesis. Further, the nlpI mutant exhibited a significant decrease in covalent outer membrane (OM-PG) envelope stabilizing cross-links, consistent with its high level of OMV production. Based on these results, we propose that one mechanism wild-type Gram-negative bacteria can use to modulate vesiculation is by altering PG-OM cross-linking via localized modulation of PG degradation and synthesis.
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