ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2015
Relative expression levels of the HLA class-I proteins in normal and HIV-infected cells.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Multistep coevolution of HIV-1 and human leukocyte antigen-C-restricted HIV-1-specific CD8PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor highresolution genotyping for predicting transplant outcomes in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Molecular basis for selection and inhibition of HIV-1 escape virus by T cells and KIR2DL2Nature communications · 2025Article
- HLA I immunopeptidome of synthetic long peptide pulsed human dendritic cells for therapeutic vaccine design.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Recognition of HIV-1-infected fibrocytes lacking Nef-mediated HLA-B downregulation by HIV-1-specific T cells.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Article
- Gemcitabine Modulates HLA-I Regulation to Improve Tumor Antigen Presentation by Pancreatic Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Mass Spectrometry-Based Immunopeptidomics of Peptides Presented on Human Leukocyte Antigen Proteins.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- HLA-Bw4 in association with KIR3DL1 favors natural killer cell-mediated protection against severe COVID-19.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- HLA-E and Its Soluble Form as Indicators of a Sex-Specific Immune Response in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- HIV-1 protective epitope-specific CD8iScience · 2023Article
- Comparison between qPCR and RNA-seq reveals challenges of quantifying HLA expression.Immunogenetics · 2023Article
- Endo-lysosomal assembly variations among human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA class I) allotypes.eLife · 2023Article
- Human Leucocyte Antigen System and Selection of Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Donors: Impact of Patient-Donor (Mis)matching and New Challenges with the Current Technologies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Utilizing proficiency testing survey data to create advanced educational content: the virtual crossmatch challenge model.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Article
- HLA-B∗46 associates with rapid HIV disease progression in Asian cohorts and prominent differences in NK cell phenotype.Cell host & microbe · 2022Article
- Technical and clinical aspects of the histocompatibility crossmatch assay in solid organ transplantationBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2022Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The expression level of HLA class-I proteins is known to influence pathological outcomes: pathogens downregulate HLA to evade host immune responses, host inflammatory reactions upregulate HLA, and differences among people with regard to the steady-state expression levels of HLA associate with disease susceptibility. Yet precise quantification of relative expression levels of the various HLA loci is difficult because of the tremendous polymorphism of HLA. We report relative expression levels of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-E proteins for the specific haplotype A*02:01, B*44:02, C*05:01, which were characterized using two independent methods based on flow cytometry and mass spectrometry. PBLs from normal donors showed that HLA-A and HLA-B proteins are expressed at similar levels, which are 13-18 times higher than HLA-C by flow cytometry and 4-5 times higher than HLA-C by mass spectrometry; these differences may reflect variation in the conformation or location of proteins detected. HLA-E was detected at a level 25 times lower than that of HLA-C by mass spectrometry. Primary CD4(+) T cells infected with HIV in vitro were also studied because HIV downregulates selective HLA types. HLA-A and HLA-B were reduced on HIV-infected cells by a magnitude that varied between cells in an infected culture. Averaging all infected cells from an individual showed HLA-A to be 1-3 times higher and HLA-B to be 2-5 times higher than HLA-C by flow cytometry. These results quantify substantial differences in expression levels of the proteins from different HLA loci, which are very likely physiologically significant on both uninfected and HIV-infected cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.