Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25751641›Full record

ReviewHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2015

Lessons learned from successful human vaccines: Delineating key epitopes by dissecting the capsid proteins.

Xiao Zhang, Lu Xin, Shaowei Li, Mujin Fang, Jun Zhang, Ningshao Xia, Qinjian Zhao

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Immune Responses to Human Papillomavirus After Infection and Vaccination.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Virus-like Particle (VLP) Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Recent trends and advances in microbe-based drug delivery systems.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2019
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. NPJ vaccines · 2017
    Article
  20. Hepatitis E virus: Current epidemiology and vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiao Zhanga State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases; Xiamen University ; Xiamen , Fujian , PR China.
Lu Xin
Shaowei Li
Mujin Fang
Jun Zhang
Ningshao Xia
Qinjian Zhao
Xiamen University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recombinant VLP-based vaccines have been successfully used against 3 diseases caused by viral infections: Hepatitis B, cervical cancer and hepatitis E. The VLP approach is attracting increasing attention in vaccine design and development for human and veterinary use. This review summarizes the clinically relevant epitopes on the VLP antigens in successful human vaccines. These virion-like epitopes, which can be delineated with molecular biology, cryo-electron microscopy and x-ray crystallographic methods, are the prerequisites for these efficacious vaccines to elicit functional antibodies. The critical epitopes and key factors influencing these epitopes are discussed for the HEV, HPV and HBV vaccines. A pentamer (for HPV) or a dimer (for HEV and HBV), rather than a monomer, is the basic building block harboring critical epitopes for the assembly of VLP antigen. The processing and formulation of VLP-based vaccines need to be developed to promote the formation and stabilization of these epitopes in the recombinant antigens. Delineating the critical epitopes is essential for antigen design in the early phase of vaccine development and for critical quality attribute analysis in the commercial phase of vaccine manufacturing.

Indexed as

Capsid ProteinsDrug DiscoveryEpitopesHumansPapillomavirus VaccinesTechnology, PharmaceuticalVaccines, SyntheticVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleViral Hepatitis VaccinesCapsid ProteinsEpitopesPapillomavirus VaccinesVaccines, SyntheticVaccines, Virus-Like ParticleViral Hepatitis Vaccinescapsid proteinconformation-dependent epitopehuman vaccineimmunodominant epitopesneutralizing antibodiesvirus-like particle

Identifiers

PMID25751641
PMCPMC4514273
OpenAlexW1542305002

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.