ArticleKnee surgery & related research2015
Coronal alignment of the lower limb and the incidence of constitutional varus knee in korean females.
Article in Knee surgery & related research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Native non-osteoarthritic knees have a highly variable coronal alignment: a systematic review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2019Pooled it
- Comparison of kinematic and mechanical alignment techniques in primary total knee arthroplasty: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) classification.The bone & joint journal · 2021Trial
- Unrestricted kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty provides favourable five-year outcomes regardless of varus severity in Japanese patients.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Three-dimensional lower limb alignment in healthy Chinese adults: Gender-specific phenotypes and ethnic variations for personalised correction.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Morphological approaches for optimizing lateral knee radiographs in normal knees and knees with osteoarthritis.Radiological physics and technology · 2026Article
- Tibial morphological variations reveal medial proximal tibial angle discrepancies in Japanese patients: Three-type classification for high tibial osteotomy.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Distribution of coronal plane alignment of the knee classification among Emirati patients with arthritic and healthy knees.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Evolutionary patterns and future perspectives of joint replacement in arthritis patients: a comprehensive analysis of findings over the past decades.EFORT open reviews · 2025Article
- Radiographic Risk Factors for Excessive Joint Line Obliquity After Knee Osteotomy for Medial Osteoarthritis: A Phenotype-Based Approach.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Full-length weight-bearing radiographs and computed tomography show discrepancies in coronal alignment for robotic arm-assisted total knee arthroplasty.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparison of coronal and sagittal alignment in patients without osteoarthritis but with knee complaints.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
- The distribution of Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotypes in the Malaysian population and their correlation with demographic variables.Arthroplasty (London, England) · 2024Article
- Radiologic Assessment of Knee Phenotypes Based on the Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee Classification in a Korean Population.Clinics in orthopedic surgery · 2024Article
- A Radiographic Analysis of Coronal Morphological Parameters of Lower Limbs in Chinese Non-knee Osteoarthritis Populations.Orthopaedic surgery · 2024Article
- Influence of Previous Arthroscopic Meniscectomy on Midterm to Long-term Outcomes After Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2023Article
- Alignment strategy for different types of varus knee with generic instruments: Mechanical alignment or kinematic alignment?Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Article
- Bone allografting: an original method for biological osteosynthesis and bone reinforcement in children with osteogenesis imperfecta.International orthopaedics · 2023Article
- Article
- Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tear: How Far Have We Come and What Remains?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIn total knee arthroplasty (TKA), it is important to restore neutral mechanical alignment. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the lower limb alignment is neutral in healthy Korean females and investigate the incidence of constitutional varus knees among them. MATERIALS AND
methodsWeight-bearing full-leg standing radiographs were obtained from 118 healthy females between the ages of 20 to 39 years. One radiologist and two orthopaedic surgeons measured the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), and femoral anatomic mechanical angle (FAMA) on the radiographs and compared with the traditional gold standard HKAA of 0°, MPTA of 3° varus, and FAMA of 6°.
resultsThe interobserver reliability of the three independent observers was high (p<0.001). The HKAA of the study subjects (1.35°±2.04°) was significantly different from the standard HKAA of 0° (p<0.001), but no statistically significant difference was observed in the MPTA (-3.18°±1.61°) and FAMA (5.99°±0.70°) from the standard values (p=0.083 and p=0.887, respectively). The incidence of constitutional varus alignment was 20.34%.
conclusionsIn Korean females, the mechanical axis of the lower limb was not neutral and the incidence of constitutional varus alignment was slightly higher than that in Western females. We believe that these findings should be taken into consideration in planning reconstructive surgery of the knee, such as TKA, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, and high tibial osteotomy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.