ReviewFrontiers in immunology2015
Are Platelets Cells? And if Yes, are They Immune Cells?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guanxinjing ameliorates coronary microvascular dysfunction in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by alleviating inflammation and restoring endothelial function.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index as a novel predictor of early mortality in heat stroke patients: a multi-centre retrospective study.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- C-reactive protein to platelet ratio as an early biomarker in differentiating neonatal late-onset sepsis in neonates with pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- HIV-1 inhibits IFITM3 expression to promote the infection of megakaryocytes.Journal of molecular cell biology · 2025Article
- Deciphering Platelets: Are They Cells or an Evolved Form of Extracellular Vesicles?Circulation research · 2025Review
- The Platelet-Specific Gene Signature in the Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease Transcriptome.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Thromboinflammation vs. immunothrombosis: strategies for overcoming anticoagulant resistance in COVID-19 and other hyperinflammatory diseases. Is ROTEM helpful or not?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Natural, Engineered, and Hybrid Platelet Membrane-Based Nanotherapeutics for Inflammatory Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Platelets and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles: their role in lung cancer dissemination and premetastatic niche formation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Platelets as key cells in endometriosis patients: Insights from small extracellular vesicles in peritoneal fluid and endometriotic lesions analysis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
- Effects of inhaled tier-2 diesel engine exhaust on immunotoxicity in a rat model: A hazard identification study. Part II. Immunotoxicology.Toxicology reports · 2024Article
- Identification of the changes in the platelet proteomic profile of elderly individuals.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Associations Between Leisure-Time Physical Activity Level and Peripheral Immune Cell Populations in the US General Population, Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data, 1999-2018.Sports medicine - open · 2023Article
- Toll-like Receptors and Thrombopoiesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Platelet-derived TLT-1 promotes tumor progression by suppressing CD8+ T cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Platelet, a key regulator of innate and adaptive immunity.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Platelets in COVID-19 disease: friend, foe, or both?Pharmacological reports : PR · 2022Review
- Infection of lung megakaryocytes and platelets by SARS-CoV-2 anticipate fatal COVID-19.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- Review
- Protein Concentrations in Stored Pooled Platelet Concentrates Treated with Pathogen Inactivation by Amotosalen Plus Ultraviolet a Illumination.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Small fragments circulating in the blood were formally identified by the end of the nineteenth century, and it was suggested that they assisted coagulation via interactions with vessel endothelia. Wright, at the beginning of the twentieth century, identified their bone-marrow origin. For long, platelets have been considered sticky assistants of hemostasis and pollutants of blood or tissue samples; they were just cell fragments. As such, however, they were acknowledged as immunizing (to specific HPA and HLA markers): the platelet's dark face. The enlightened face showed that besides hemostasis, platelets contained factors involved in healing. As early as 1930s, platelets entered the arsenal of medicines were transfused, and were soon manipulated to become a kind of glue to repair damaged tissues. Some gladly categorized platelets as cells but they were certainly not fully licensed as such for cell physiologists. Actually, platelets possess almost every characteristic of cells, apart from being capable of organizing their genes: they have neither a nucleus nor genes. This view prevailed until it became evident that platelets play a role in homeostasis and interact with cells other than with vascular endothelial cells; then began the era of physiological and also pathological inflammation. Platelets have now entered the field of immunity as inflammatory cells. Does assistance to immune cells itself suffice to license a cell as an "immune cell"? Platelets prove capable of sensing different types of signals and organizing an appropriate response. Many cells can do that. However, platelets can use a complete signalosome (apart from the last transcription step, though it is likely that this step can be circumvented by retrotranscribing RNA messages). The question has also arisen as to whether platelets can present antigen via their abundantly expressed MHC class I molecules. In combination, these properties argue in favor of allowing platelets the title of immune cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.