Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25749681›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2015

Carbopol-incorporated thermoreversible gel for intranasal drug delivery.

Prabagar Balakrishnan, Eun-Kyoung Park, Chung-Kil Song, Hyun-Jeong Ko, Tae-Wook Hahn, Ki-Won Song, Hyun-Jong Cho

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Prabagar BalakrishnanCollege of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Korea. prabagarb@gmail.com.
Eun-Kyoung ParkDepartment of Organic Material Science & Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea. ek31004@hanmail.net.
Chung-Kil SongCollege of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. saintck@naver.com.
Hyun-Jeong KoCollege of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea. hjko@kangwon.ac.kr.
Tae-Wook HahnCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea. twhahn@kangwon.ac.kr.
Ki-Won SongDepartment of Organic Material Science & Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea. kwsong@pusan.ac.kr.
Hyun-Jong ChoCollege of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea. hjcho@kangwon.ac.kr.
Kangwon National University · KRPusan National University · KRHanyang University · KRSeoul National University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The present study describes the preparation and evaluation of a poloxamer 407 (P407)-based thermoreversible gel using Carbopol 934P (C934P) as a mucoadhesive polymer and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) for enhancing the aqueous solubility and intranasal absorption of fexofenadine hydrochloride (FXD HCl). The prepared gels were characterized by gelation temperature, viscoelasticity, and drug release profile. Thermoreversibility of P407/C934P gel was demonstrated by rheological studies. The incorporation of carbopol into P407 gel also reduced the amounts of drug released from the gel formulations (p < 0.05). In vivo pharmacokinetic results of the prepared gel formulations in rabbits (at 0.5 mg/kg dose) showed that the relative bioavailability of drug from P407/C934P gel was 11.3 and 2.7-fold higher than those of drug solution and P407 gel group, respectively. These findings suggested that developed thermoreversible gels could be used as promising dosage forms to improve intranasal drug absorption.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery Systems2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrinAcrylatesAdhesivenessAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsbeta-CyclodextrinsBiological AvailabilityGelsHistamine H1 Antagonists, Non-SedatingPoloxamerRabbitsRheologyTerfenadineTissue DistributionViscosity2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrinAcrylatesbeta-Cyclodextrinscarbopol 934PfexofenadineGelsHistamine H1 Antagonists, Non-SedatingPoloxamerTerfenadine

Identifiers

PMID25749681
PMCPMC6272239
OpenAlexW1982955268

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.