ArticleScientific reports2015
Tumor cell secretion of soluble factor(s) for specific immunosuppression.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Tumor-produced immune regulatory factors as a therapeutic target in cancer treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
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- Exploring the dynamic interplay between cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment: implications for novel therapeutic strategies.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Acidic environment could modulate the interferon-γ expression: Implication on modulation of cancer and immune cells' interactions.Asian biomedicine : research, reviews and news · 2023Article
- Expression of CISH, an Inhibitor of NK Cell Function, Increases in Association with Ovarian Cancer Development and Progression.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Serum amyloid alpha 1-2 are not required for liver inflammation in the 4T1 murine breast cancer model.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Remote solid cancers rewire hepatic nitrogen metabolism via host nicotinamide-N-methyltransferase.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Macrophage circadian rhythms are differentially affected based on stimuli.Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro · 2022Article
- Vaccination of Immunocompromised Cats.Viruses · 2022Review
- Cancer exosomes and natural killer cells dysfunction: biological roles, clinical significance and implications for immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2022Review
- The tumor innate immune microenvironment in prostate cancer: an overview of soluble factors and cellular effectors.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2022Review
- Chromomycin AFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
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- Extracellular vesicles in immunomodulation and tumor progression.Nature immunology · 2021Review
- Viscoelasticity Acts as a Marker for Tumor Extracellular Matrix Characteristics.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Studies of tumor models using syngeneic transplantation have advanced our understanding of tumor immunity, including both immune surveillance and evasion. Murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells secrete immunosuppressive soluble factors as demonstrated in splenocyte culture. Cultured primary splenocytes secrete IFN-γ, which was strikingly elevated when the cells were isolated from 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. The secretion of IFN-γ peaked a week after 4T1 inoculation and then declined. This reduction may be due to the relatively decreased lymphocytes and increased granulocytes in a spleen accompanied by splenomegaly with time after the 4T1 inoculation. IFN-γ production was further suppressed with the addition of the conditioned media from 4T1 cells to the splenocyte culture. This suppressive effect was more evident in the splenocytes isolated from mice that had 4T1 tumors for a longer period of time and was not observed in the conditioned medium either from CT26 cells or with splenocytes isolated from CT26 tumor-bearing mice. These results suggest that the IFN-γ suppression is 4T1 tumor-specific. The soluble factor(s) in the 4T1-conditioned media was a protein between 10 to 100 kDa. The cytokine tip assay demonstrated several known cytokines that negatively regulate immune responses and may be candidates for this immunosuppression activity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.