ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2015
Characterizing Breast Cancer in a Population with Increased Prevalence of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Androgen Receptor and ALDH1 Expression in Ghanaian Women.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oncologic Anthropology and the African Diaspora: Twenty-Year Anniversary Report, International Center for the Study of Breast Cancer Subtypes (ICSBCS).Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Review
- Prognostic factors and overall survival of breast cancer in Benin: a hospital-based study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Clinicopathological features and androgen receptor expression in triple negative breast cancer at Lagos, Nigeria.Ecancermedicalscience · 2022Article
- Article
- Lack of Androgen Receptor Expression Selects for Basal-Like Phenotype and Is a Predictor of Poor Clinical Outcome in Non-Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Pathology of Senegalese breast cancers.The Pan African medical journal · 2019Article
- Panoptic Overview of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Nigeria: Current Challenges and Promising Global Initiatives.Journal of global oncology · 2018Review
- Breast Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Why We Need Pathology Capability to Solve This Challenge.Clinics in laboratory medicine · 2018Review
- Are There Differences in Androgen Receptor Expression in Invasive Breast Cancer in African (Tanzanian) Population in Comparison With the Caucasian (Italian) Population?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Breast Cancer and African Ancestry: Lessons Learned at the 10-Year Anniversary of the Ghana-Michigan Research Partnership and International Breast Registry.Journal of global oncology · 2016Article
- Increased sensitivity of African American triple negative breast cancer cells to nitric oxide-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.BMC cancer · 2016Article
- Current advances in biomarkers for targeted therapy in triple-negative breast cancer.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2016Review
- Androgen Receptor Biology in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: a Case for Classification as AR+ or Quadruple Negative Disease.Hormones & cancer · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe androgen receptor (AR) is a commonly-expressed hormone receptor in breast cancer and may be a marker of response to targeted anti-androgen therapy, a particularly attractive option for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Gene expression studies suggest that ARs may distinguish a luminal/AR TNBC subtype from stem cell-like subtypes. TNBC frequency is two to three times higher in African American and African breast cancers compared with White American and European breast cancers, yet little is known regarding TNBC subtypes in high-frequency African-ancestry populations. We evaluated ARs and the mammary stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) among breast cancers from Ghana, Africa.
methodsOverall, 147 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded invasive breast cancers from the Komfo Anoyke Teaching Hospital in Ghana were studied at the University of Michigan, and analyzed immunohistochemically for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2/neu, ALDH1, and AR expression.
resultsThe median age of patients was 45 years. Only 31 cases (21 %) were ER-positive, and 14 (10 %) were HER2-positive; 89 (61 %) were TNBCs. For the entire group, 44 % were AR-positive and 45 % were ALDH1-positive. ER/PR-positive tumors were more likely to be AR-positive compared with ER/PR-negative tumors (87 vs. 26 %; p < 0.0001), but there was no association between ALDH1 and AR expression. Among the TNBC cases, 45 % were ALDH1-positive and 24 % were AR-positive. ALDH1 positivity was associated with AR positivity within the subset of TNBC (36 vs. 14 %; p = 0.019).
conclusionWe confirmed other studies showing a high frequency of TNBC in Africa. Surprisingly, ALDH1 was found to correlate with AR expression among TNBC, suggesting that novel TNBC subtypes may exist among populations with African ancestry.
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