ReviewCytokine2015
B cells responses and cytokine production are regulated by their immune microenvironment.
Review in Cytokine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 239 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
239 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 423 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of CD19 combined with CD22 or CD20 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for hematological malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Higher mucosal antibody concentrations in women with genital tract inflammation.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- IL-7 expands lymphocyte populations and enhances immune responses to sipuleucel-T in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Trial
- BCR signal strength governs VH gene replacement in peripheral B cells.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- Plasmid-DNA EncodedPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- The language of the immune system: Part 1: Cytokine conversations and conversationalists.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- B Cells are Activated via a Nanoporous Interface that Stabilizes Microvilli and Engages Mechanosensitive Ion Channels.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Neutrophils induce effective antibody responses to the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine by inhibiting T regulatory cells.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Identification and experimental validation of biomarkers associated with T cell infiltration in psoriasis.Hereditas · 2026Article
- Recent advances in lipid nanoparticles for cancer vaccine delivery: Challenges and future perspectives.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- A non-complement role for C1R rewires integrin and death-receptor signaling to drive renal cancer metastasis.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- A replication-incompetent adenovirus type 55 vaccine induces broad and durable protective immunity against pathogenic adenoviruses.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Regulatory B cells in the central nervous system: From immune regulation to neuroprotection.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Cellular and molecular signals of cardiac wound healing after myocardial infarction.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Review
- Sex Differences in Lung B Cell Responses in a Murine Model of Asthma.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2026Article
- Decoding the immunological triad of TLRs, B1 cells, and feto-maternal microchimerism in pre-eclampsia pathogenesis: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- B cells and iBALT in TB immunity & pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Interleukin-6 as a Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Retrospective Study.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- High Phosphate Load Induces De Novo Formation of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in the Kidney.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
179 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The adaptive immune system consists of two types of lymphocytes: T and B cells. These two lymphocytes originate from a common precursor, yet are fundamentally different with B cells mediating humoral immunity while T cells mediate cell mediated immunity. In cytokine production, naïve T cells produce multiple cytokines upon activation while naïve activated B cells do not. B cells are capable of producing cytokines, but their cytokine production depends on their differentiation state and activation conditions. Hence, unlike T cells that can produce a large amount of cytokines upon activation, B cells require specific differentiation and activation conditions to produce cytokines. Many cytokines act on B cells as well. Here, we discuss several cytokines and their effects on B cells including: Interleukins, IL-7, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and Interferons, IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ. These cytokines play important roles in the development, survival, differentiation and/or proliferation of B cells. Certain chemokines also play important roles in B cell function, namely antibody production. As an example, we discuss CCL28, a chemokine that directs the migration of plasma cells to mucosal sites. We conclude with a brief overview of B cells as cytokine producers and their likely functional consequences on the immune response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.