Observational studyThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2015
The effect of early life antibiotic exposures on diarrheal rates among young children in Vellore, India.
Observational study in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions can reduce child antibiotic use: evidence from Bangladesh and Kenya.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Effects of early-life antibiotics on the developing infant gut microbiome and resistome: a randomized trial.Nature communications · 2022Trial
- Timing and predictors of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis among unvaccinated infants in low- and middle-income countries.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Trial
- Longitudinal Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota in Persistently Stunted Young Children in South India.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Bacteria colonization and gene expression related to immune function in colon mucosa is associated with growth in neonatal calves regardless of live yeast supplementation.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Exclusive Breastfeeding and Childhood Morbidity: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Neonatal microbiota-epithelial interactions that impact infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- The Dark Side of Antibiotics: Adverse Effects on the Infant Immune Defense Against Infection.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020Review
- Long-Term Effects of Early-Life Antibiotic Exposure on Resistance to Subsequent Bacterial Infection.mBio · 2019Article
- Early Antibiotic Exposure in Low-resource Settings Is Associated With Increased Weight in the First Two Years of Life.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2017Observational
- Interactions between intestinal pathogens, enteropathy and malnutrition in developing countries.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2016Review
- Reduction in diarrhoeal rates through interventions that prevent unnecessary antibiotic exposure early in life in an observational birth cohort.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2016Observational
- Early Life Antibiotic Exposure Is Not Associated with Growth in Young Children of Vellore, India.The Journal of pediatrics · 2015Observational
- Antibiotic treatment of diarrhoea is associated with decreased time to the next diarrhoea episode among young children in Vellore, India.International journal of epidemiology · 2015Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntibiotic treatment of childhood illnesses is common in India. In addition to contributing to antimicrobial resistance, antibiotics might result in increased susceptibility to diarrhea through interactions with the gastrointestinal microbiota. Breast milk, which enriches the microbiota early in life, may increase the resilience of the microbiota against perturbations by antibiotics.
methodsIn a prospective observational cohort study, we assessed whether antibiotic exposures from birth to 6 months affected rates of diarrhea up to age 3 years among 465 children from Vellore, India. Adjusting for treatment indicators, we modeled diarrheal rates among children exposed and unexposed to antibiotics using negative binomial regression. We further assessed whether the effect of antibiotics on diarrheal rates was modified by exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months.
resultsMore than half of the children (n = 267, 57.4%) were given at least one course of antibiotics in the first 6 months of life. The adjusted relative incidence rate of diarrhea was 33% higher among children who received antibiotics under 6 months of age compared with those who did not (incidence rate ratio: 1.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.12, 1.57). Children who were exclusively breastfed until 6 months of age did not have increased diarrheal rates following antibiotic use.
conclusionsAntibiotic exposures early in life were associated with increased rates of diarrhea in early childhood. Exclusive breastfeeding might protect against this negative impact.
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