Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25739830›Full record

ArticleAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2016

Gout and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a population-based, BMI-matched cohort study.

Na Lu, Maureen Dubreuil, Yuqing Zhang, Tuhina Neogi, Sharan K Rai, Alberto Ascherio, Miguel A Hernán, Hyon K Choi

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
70citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
9.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

70 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 145 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. [Association between serum uric acid and airflow obstruction based on the health-checkup population].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2024
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10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Na LuClinical Epidemiology Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Maureen DubreuilClinical Epidemiology Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Yuqing ZhangClinical Epidemiology Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Tuhina NeogiClinical Epidemiology Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9515-1711
Sharan K RaiArthritis Research Centre of Canada, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Alberto AscherioDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Miguel A HernánDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Hyon K ChoiDivision of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Boston University · USHarvard University · USUniversity of British Columbia · CA

Funding

WORK DISABILITY-- PERSONS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITISP60AR047785 · NIAMS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI FELSON, DAVID TOBIN · 2001 to 2016
$18.0M
NOVEL METABOLITE AND MICROBIOTA PATHWAYS FOR HYPERURICEMIA AND GOUTR01AR065944 · NIAMS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI CHOI, HYON K · 2013 to 2025
$4.2M
Genetics of GoutR01AR056291 · NIAMS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI CHOI, HYON K · 2008 to 2011
$2.9M
NIAMS NIH HHS P60 AR047785NIAMS NIH HHS P60AR047785NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR056291NIAMS NIH HHS R01AR056291NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR065944NIAMS NIH HHS R01AR065944
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWhile gout is associated with cardiovascular (CV)-metabolic comorbidities and their sequelae, the antioxidant effects of uric acid may have neuroprotective benefits. We evaluated the potential impact of incident gout on the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a general population context.

methodsWe conducted an age-matched, sex-matched, entry-time-matched and body mass index (BMI)-matched cohort study using data from The Health Improvement Network, an electronic medical record database representative of the UK general population, from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2013. Up to five non-gout individuals were matched to each case of incident gout by age, sex, year of enrolment and BMI. We compared incidence rates of AD between the gout and comparison cohorts, excluding individuals with prevalent gout or dementia at baseline. Multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated, while adjusting for smoking, alcohol use, physician visits, social deprivation index, comorbidities and medication use. We repeated the same analysis among patients with incident osteoarthritis (OA) as a negative control exposure.

resultsWe identified 309 new cases of AD among 59 224 patients with gout (29% female, mean age 65 years) and 1942 cases among 238 805 in the comparison cohort over a 5-year median follow up (1.0 vs 1.5 per 1000 person-years, respectively). Univariate (age-matched, sex-matched, entry-time-matched and BMI-matched) and multivariate HRs for AD among patients with gout were 0.71 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.80) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.87), respectively. The inverse association persisted among subgroups stratified by sex, age group (<75 and ≥75 years), social deprivation index and history of CV disease. The association between incident OA and the risk of incident AD was null.

conclusionsThese findings provide the first general population-based evidence that gout is inversely associated with the risk of developing AD, supporting the purported potential neuroprotective role of uric acid.

Indexed as

AgedAlzheimer DiseaseBody Mass IndexCohort StudiesComorbidityDatabases, FactualFemaleGoutHumansHyperuricemiaIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedObesityOsteoarthritisProportional Hazards ModelsArthritisEpidemiologyGout

Identifiers

PMID25739830
PMCPMC4560667
OpenAlexW2104470303

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.