ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2015
Black and White race differences in aerobic capacity, muscle fiber type, and their influence on metabolic processes.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- PeakExperimental physiology · 2026Article
- Pulmonary Obstruction and Age, Not Activity, Associate With Muscle Oxidative Impairment in Smokers With and Without COPD.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Observational
- Myosteatosis: an emerging biomarker of aging.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Impact of Neighborhood Factors on Exercise Capacity in Children With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.Circulation. Heart failure · 2025Article
- Muscle Mitochondrial Respiration and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Contribute to Slower Walking Speed of Older Individuals Who Identify as Black.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Specificity and Areas of Usage of Cardiovascular Prediction Models Among Athletes-State-of-the-art Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Influence of Sex and Body Composition on Aerobic Capacity in Normal Weight Lean, Normal Weight Obese, and Obese Phenotypes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Recalibrated FRIEND equation for peak oxygen pulse is accurate in endurance athletes: the NOODLE study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: Implications of Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Race, and Sex.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Age, Race, Sex and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Implications for Prevention and Management of Cardiometabolic Disease in Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Sodium danshensu modulates skeletal muscle fiber type formation and metabolism by inhibiting pyruvate kinase M1.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Validation of VOInternational journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- A fast non-parametric test of association for multiple traits.Genome biology · 2023Article
- Validity of the Maximal Heart Rate Prediction Models among Runners and Cyclists.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- FHL3 promotes the formation of fast glycolytic muscle fibers by interacting with YY1 and muscle glycolytic metabolism.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- External validation of VO2max prediction models based on recreational and elite endurance athletes.PloS one · 2023Article
- Obesity Pillars Roundtable: Body mass index and body composition in Black and Female individuals. Race-relevant or racist? Sex-relevant or sexist?Obesity pillars · 2022Article
- Comparison and predicted equation of energy expenditure during walking or running among Caucasians, African Americans and Asians.Sports medicine and health science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Obesity is a known risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. Increasing aerobic capacity (VO2max) reduces adiposity, maintains weight, and reduces the risk of developing obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Two major determinants of aerobic capacity are the metabolic properties specific to a particular muscle fiber type and the capacity of the cardiorespiratory system to deliver nutrient-rich content to the muscle. Recent research suggests that some race/ethnic groups, particularly non-Hispanic Black subjects, are predisposed to a reduced VO2max by way of muscle fiber type. Combined with insufficient physical activity, these characteristics place non-Hispanic Black subjects at an increased risk for obesity and other adverse health outcomes when compared with other race/ethnic groups. The purpose of this review was to suggest a model for explaining how skeletal muscle fiber type may contribute to reduced aerobic capacity and obesity among non-Hispanic Black subjects. Our review indicates that metabolic properties of type II skeletal muscle (e.g. reduced oxidative capacity, capillary density) are related to various cardiometabolic diseases. Based on the review, non-Hispanic Black subjects appear to have a lower maximal aerobic capacity and a greater percentage of type II skeletal muscle fibers. Combined with reduced energy expenditure and reduced hemoglobin concentration, non-Hispanic Black subjects may be inherently predisposed to a reduced maximal aerobic capacity compared with non-Hispanic White subjects, thereby increasing the risk for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.