Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25738258›Full record

ArticleMolecular medicine reports2015

Immune-enhancing effect of nano-DNA vaccine encoding a gene of the prME protein of Japanese encephalitis virus and BALB/c mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Yongzhen Zhai, Yan Zhou, Ximei Li, Guohe Feng

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular medicine reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles Against Viral Infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Review
  8. Development of Peptide Vaccines in Dengue.Current pharmaceutical design · 2018
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yongzhen ZhaiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
Yan ZhouDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
Ximei LiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
Guohe FengDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.
China Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plasmid-encoded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM‑CSF) is an adjuvant for genetic vaccines; however, how GM-CSF enhances immunogenicity remains to be elucidated. In the present study, it was demonstrated that injection of a plasmid encoding the premembrane (prM) and envelope (E) protein of Japanese encephalitis virus and mouse GM-CSF (pJME/GM-CSF) into mouse muscle recruited large and multifocal conglomerates of macrophages and granulocytes, predominantly neutrophils. During the peak of the infiltration, an appreciable number of immature dendritic cells (DCs) appeared, although no T and B-cells was detected. pJME/GM-CSF increased the number of splenic DCs and the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) on splenic DC, and enhanced the antigenic capture, processing and presentation functions of splenic DCs, and the cell-mediated immunity induced by the vaccine. These findings suggested that the immune-enhancing effect by pJME/GM-CSF was associated with infiltrate size and the appearance of integrin αx (CD11c)+cells. Chitosan-pJME/GM-CSF nanoparticles, prepared by coacervation via intramuscular injection, outperformed standard pJME/GM-CSF administrations in DC recruitment, antigen processing and presentation, and vaccine enhancement. This revealed that muscular injection of chitosan‑pJME/GM-CSF nanoparticles may enhance the immunoadjuvant properties of GM-CSF.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsCD11c AntigenCell MovementChitosanDendritic CellsEncephalitis, JapaneseEncephalitis Virus, JapaneseFemaleGene ExpressionGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIInjections, IntramuscularMacrophagesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CAdjuvants, ImmunologicCD11c AntigenChitosanGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIprM protein, FlavivirusVaccines, DNAViral Envelope ProteinsViral Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID25738258
PMCPMC4438877
OpenAlexW2071298395

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.