Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25737820›Full record

ArticlePeerJ2015

Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis by a new multiplex peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization method.

António Machado, Joana Castro, Tatiana Cereija, Carina Almeida, Nuno Cerca

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PeerJ, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Editorial: Vaginal dysbiosis and biofilms, volume II.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  3. State of the Art for Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2023
    Review
  4. Biofilms and Benign Colonic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Strong correlation between urine and vaginal swab samples for bacterial vaginosis.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2021
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: current diagnostic methodologies and a new molecular approach.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2018
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

António MachadoCentre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, Braga , Portugal.
Joana CastroCentre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, Braga , Portugal.
Tatiana CereijaCentre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, Braga , Portugal.
Carina AlmeidaCentre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, Braga , Portugal.
Nuno CercaCentre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO-Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho , Campus de Gualtar, Braga , Portugal.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of most common vaginal infections. However, its diagnosis by classical methods reveals low specificity. Our goal was to evaluate the accuracy diagnosis of 150 vaginal samples with research gold standard methods and our Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) probes by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) methodology. Also, we described the first PNA-FISH methodology for BV diagnosis, which provides results in approximately 3 h. The results showed a sensitivity of 84.6% (95% confidence interval (CI), from 64.3 to 95.0%) and a specificity of 97.6% (95% CI [92.6-99.4%]), demonstrating the higher specificity of the PNA-FISH method and showing false positive results in BV diagnosis commonly obtained by the classical methods. This methodology combines the specificity of PNA probes for Lactobacillus species and G. vaginalis visualization and the calculation of the microscopic field by Nugent score, allowing a trustful evaluation of the bacteria present in vaginal microflora and avoiding the occurrence of misleading diagnostics. Therefore, the PNA-FISH methodology represents a valuable alternative for BV diagnosis.

Indexed as

Bacterial vaginosisBiofilmsFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)Gardnerella vaginalisLactobacillus spp.Peptide Nucleic Acid Probe (PNA probe)

Identifiers

PMID25737820
PMCPMC4338769

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.