Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25737537›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015

Salient features of otoacoustic emissions are common across tetrapod groups and suggest shared properties of generation mechanisms.

Christopher Bergevin, Geoffrey A Manley, Christine Köppl

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. How Exceptional Is the Ear?Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Sources of Microstructure in Mammalian Cochlear Responses.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2025
    Review
  6. Something in Our Ears Is Oscillating, but What? A Modeller's View of Efforts to Model Spontaneous Emissions.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2024
    Review
  7. Conditions Underlying the Appearance of Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions in Mammals.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2024
    Review
  8. Swept Along: Measuring Otoacoustic Emissions Using Continuously Varying Stimuli.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2024
    Review
  9. Whistling While it Works: Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions and the Cochlear Amplifier.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2022
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Mammalian behavior and physiology converge to confirm sharper cochlear tuning in humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Christopher BergevinDepartment of Physics & Astronomy and Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada; and cberge@yorku.ca.
Geoffrey A ManleyCluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," Research Center Neurosensory Science, and Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
Christine KöpplCluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," Research Center Neurosensory Science, and Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are faint sounds generated by healthy inner ears that provide a window into the study of auditory mechanics. All vertebrate classes exhibit OAEs to varying degrees, yet the biophysical origins are still not well understood. Here, we analyzed both spontaneous (SOAE) and stimulus-frequency (SFOAE) otoacoustic emissions from a bird (barn owl, Tyto alba) and a lizard (green anole, Anolis carolinensis). These species possess highly disparate macromorphologies of the inner ear relative to each other and to mammals, thereby allowing for novel insights into the biomechanical mechanisms underlying OAE generation. All ears exhibited robust OAE activity, and our chief observation was that SFOAE phase accumulation between adjacent SOAE peak frequencies clustered about an integral number of cycles. Being highly similar to published results from human ears, we argue that these data indicate a common underlying generator mechanism of OAEs across all vertebrates, despite the absence of morphological features thought essential to mammalian cochlear mechanics. We suggest that otoacoustic emissions originate from phase coherence in a system of coupled oscillators, which is consistent with the notion of "coherent reflection" but does not explicitly require a mammalian-type traveling wave. Furthermore, comparison between SFOAE delays and auditory nerve fiber responses for the barn owl strengthens the notion that most OAE delay can be attributed to tuning.

Indexed as

SoundAcoustic StimulationAnimalsCochlear NerveEarLizardsOtoacoustic Emissions, SpontaneousStrigiformescochlear mechanicscoupled oscillatorshair cellsotoacoustic emissionsphase coherence

Identifiers

PMID25737537
PMCPMC4371923

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.