ReviewVirus research2015
The structure and functions of coronavirus genomic 3' and 5' ends.
Review in Virus research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 265 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
265 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 512 citations in OpenAlex.
- Time Series Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Genomes and Correlations among Highly Prevalent Mutations.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Transcription Regulatory Sequences in Coronaviruses: Mechanistic Foundations for Antivirals and Vaccines.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Raman Analysis of RNA Nucleotide Strands From SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Subvariants: A Step Forward in the Definition of "Raman Genome".Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Long-range mRNA folding shapes expression and sequence of bacterial genes.Molecular cell · 2026Article
- Functional analysis of stem-loop structures within the SARS-CoV-2 5' untranslated region using a plasmid-based reporter system.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- A potential RNA-RNA distal interaction competing with a functional pseudoknot in the 3'-untranslated region of SARS-like coronaviruses.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR stem-loops activate the antiviral protein oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1).The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Differential Binding and Neutralising Antibody Responses Across COVID-19 Severity in a Saudi Multicentre Cohort.Viruses · 2026Article
- RNA Folding Energy of Long-Range Genomic Interactions Regulates Discontinuous Transcription in SARS-CoV-2.Viruses · 2026Article
- Decoding the Structural Complexity of Viral RNAs with SHAPE to Guide Antiviral Therapeutics.Viruses · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR stem-loops activate the antiviral protein oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1).bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Structure and sequence characteristics of 5'-stem-loop 1 modulate the escape from nsp1-mediated repression in SARS-CoV-2 variants.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Identification and comparison of RNA structures in 5'- and 3'-terminal genomic regions across four coronavirus genera by SHAPE analysis.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Predicting small molecule-RNA interactions without RNA tertiary structures.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Alpha- and Beta-Coronaviruses in Humans and Animals: Taxonomy, Reservoirs, Hosts, and Interspecies Transmission.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Charting the virosphere: computational synergies of AI and bioinformatics in viral discovery and evolution.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Characterization of the binding features between SARS-CoV-2 5'-proximal transcripts of genomic RNA and nucleocapsid proteins.RNA biology · 2025Review
- Long-range mRNA folding shapes expression and sequence of bacterial genes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Integrated NMR and MD structure and dynamics of the stem-loop-II motif (s2m) from the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
205 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are an important cause of illness in humans and animals. Most human coronaviruses commonly cause relatively mild respiratory illnesses; however two zoonotic coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, can cause severe illness and death. Investigations over the past 35 years have illuminated many aspects of coronavirus replication. The focus of this review is the functional analysis of conserved RNA secondary structures in the 5' and 3' of the betacoronavirus genomes. The 5' 350 nucleotides folds into a set of RNA secondary structures which are well conserved, and reverse genetic studies indicate that these structures play an important role in the discontinuous synthesis of subgenomic RNAs in the betacoronaviruses. These cis-acting elements extend 3' of the 5'UTR into ORF1a. The 3'UTR is similarly conserved and contains all of the cis-acting sequences necessary for viral replication. Two competing conformations near the 5' end of the 3'UTR have been shown to make up a potential molecular switch. There is some evidence that an association between the 3' and 5'UTRs is necessary for subgenomic RNA synthesis, but the basis for this association is not yet clear. A number of host RNA proteins have been shown to bind to the 5' and 3' cis-acting regions, but the significance of these in viral replication is not clear. Two viral proteins have been identified as binding to the 5' cis-acting region, nsp1 and N protein. A genetic interaction between nsp8 and nsp9 and the region of the 3'UTR that contains the putative molecular switch suggests that these two proteins bind to this region.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.