ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2015
Statins and breast cancer stage and mortality in the Women's Health Initiative.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Statins and prognosis of female breast cancer: a meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Pooled it
- Statin use and breast cancer-specific mortality and recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis including the role of immortal time bias and tumour characteristics.British journal of cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of statin use on breast cancer recurrence and mortality before and after diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Statin use and breast cancer survival and risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Oncotarget · 2015Pooled it
- Association of statin use on survival outcomes of patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer in the APHINITY trial.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Methodological considerations for disentangling a risk factor's influence on disease incidence versus postdiagnosis survival: The example of obesity and breast and colorectal cancer mortality in the Women's Health Initiative.International journal of cancer · 2017Trial
- Statins as Secondary Preventive Agent to Limit Breast Cancer Metastatic Outgrowth.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The role of statins in breast cancer survivors.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Review
- The Effect of Statins on Markers of Breast Cancer Proliferation and Apoptosis in Women with In Situ or Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Atorvastatin lowers breast cancer risk by reversing an early tumorigenic signature.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Statin Use, Cholesterol Level, and Mortality Among Females With Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Post-diagnostic statin use and breast cancer-specific mortality: a population-based cohort study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2023Article
- DAXX drives de novo lipogenesis and contributes to tumorigenesis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Impact of oral statin therapy on clinical outcomes in patients with cT1 breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Obesity and Breast Cancer: Interaction or Interference with the Response to Therapy?Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- Review
- A review of research on the intersection between breast cancer and cardiovascular research in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Atorvastatin facilitates chemotherapy effects in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.British journal of cancer · 2021Article
- The Tumor Promotional Role of Adipocytes in the Breast Cancer Microenvironment and Macroenvironment.The American journal of pathology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the association between statins and breast cancer stage and mortality in the Women's Health Initiative.
methodsThe study population included 128,675 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years, out of which there were 7,883 newly diagnosed cases of in situ (19%), local (61%)-, regional (19%)- and distant (1%)-stage breast cancer and 401 deaths due to breast cancer after an average of 11.5 (SD = 3.7) years of follow-up. Stage was coded using SEER criteria and was stratified into early (in situ and local)- versus late (regional and distant)-stage disease. Information on statins and other risk factors were collected by self- and interviewer-administered questionnaires. Cause of death was based on medical record review. Multivariable-adjusted hazards ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) evaluating the relationship between statin use (at baseline only and in a time-dependent manner) and diagnosis of late-stage breast cancer and breast cancer-specific mortality were computed from Cox proportional hazards analyses after adjusting for appropriate confounders.
resultsStatins were used by 10,474 women (8%) at baseline. In the multivariable-adjusted time-dependent model, use of lipophilic statins was associated with a reduction in diagnosis of late-stage breast cancer (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.98, p = 0.035) which was also significant among women with estrogen receptor-positive disease (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.93, p = 0.012). Breast cancer mortality was marginally lower in statin users compared with nonusers (HR 0.59, 95 % CI 0.32-1.06, p = 0.075).
conclusionsPrior statin use is associated with lower breast cancer stage at diagnosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.