ReviewBiomolecules2015
Immunoglobulin isotypes in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar.
Review in Biomolecules, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan Produced by Gamma Irradiation and Hydrogen Peroxide Promotes Immune Readiness, Antioxidant Responses, and Survival inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Vaccination modality and injection site influence the immune response and protection against sea liceBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Generation of IgMScientific reports · 2025Article
- Chronic hypoxia has differential effects on constitutive and antigen-stimulated immune function in Atlantic salmon (Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Repeated exposure affects susceptibility and responses of Atlantic salmon (Parasitology · 2023Article
- Temperature affects settlement success of ectoparasitic salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) and impacts the immune and stress response of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).Journal of fish diseases · 2022Article
- Non-lethal screening of Asian seabass (Fish and shellfish immunology reports · 2021Article
- Protection of Teleost Fish against Infectious Diseases through Oral Administration of Vaccines: Update 2021.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Molecular characterization of a new IgZ3 subclass in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and comparative expression analysis of IgH transcripts during larvae development.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- Immunoglobulins in teleosts.Immunogenetics · 2021Review
- Differential immune responses of immunoglobulin Z subclass members in antibacterial immunity in a zebrafish model.Immunology · 2021Article
- Full-Length Transcriptome: A Reliable Alternative for Single-Cell RNA-Seq Analysis in the Spleen of Teleost Without Reference Genome.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Profiling the T Cell Receptor Alpha/Delta Locus in Salmonids.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Article
- Assessing the Immune Response of Atlantic Salmon (Vaccines · 2020Article
- Overexpression of T-bet, GATA-3 and TGF-ß Induces IFN-γ, IL-4/13A, and IL-17A Expression in Atlantic Salmon.Biology · 2020Article
- Salmonid Alphavirus Subtype 3 Induces Prolonged Local B Cell Responses in Atlantic Salmon (Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Dietary fatty acid source has little effect on the development of the immune system in the pyloric caeca of Atlantic salmon fry.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Detection of Salmonid IgM Specific to theFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are three major immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes in salmonid fish: IgM, IgD and IgT, defined by the heavy chains μ, δ and τ, respectively. As a result of whole genome duplication in the ancestor of the salmonid fish family, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) possess two highly similar Ig heavy chain gene complexes (A and B), comprising two μ genes, two δ genes, three intact τ genes and five τ pseudogenes. The μA and μB genes correspond to two distinct sub-populations of serum IgM. The IgM-B sub-variant has a characteristic extra cysteine near the C-terminal part of the heavy chain and exhibits a higher degree of polymer disulfide cross-linking compared to IgM-A. The IgM-B:IgM-A ratio in serum is typically 60:40, but skewed ratios are also observed. The IgT isotype appears to be specialized to mucosal immune responses in salmonid fish. The concentration of IgT in serum is 100 to 1000 times lower than IgM. Secreted forms of IgD have been detected in rainbow trout, but not yet in Atlantic salmon.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.